In modern conditions, geodetic equipment is moving to a new level of development. Previously, the devices developed in the direction of developing accuracy. Now geodetic instruments provide sufficient accuracy to perform work in the field of geodesy. In this regard, there is a need to optimize the workflow: increase the efficiency of information collection, the amount of information collected per unit time, increase the efficiency of standard tasks in geodesy. This need characterizes a new stage in the development of geodetic instruments. The study uses methods: observation - to get acquainted with modern geodetic equipment, abstraction – to determine the conceptual technical features of modern electronic geodetic instruments (used specific examples), analysis – to identify trends in modern electronic surveying instruments, sampling – to select instruments to be characterize their categories. The analysis of the capabilities of modern electronic devices on the example of the total station Leica Nova MS60 and GNSS receiver Leica GS18 I was carried out. It was found that at the moment characteristic of the development of modern geodetic equipment is the optimization of the workflow using these devices through the development of hardware and software for these devices. For example, in total stations it is an expansion of opportunities, automation of processes of geodetic works. In GNSS receivers – this is an increase in the amount of information collected, reducing the impact of the shortcomings of the satellite signal. Much of this technical development has been provided by modern software, such as Captivate at Leica. Trends in the development of other and similar modern geodetic equipment are also going in this direction. This statement is characterized by the limits of development of the technical part of the geodetic equipment and significant opportunities for development in the software part.
Modern geodetic equipment is developing very rapidly. There is a growing need for modern surveying instruments with modern electronics. These devices differ not only in model number, but also in fundamentally new technological solutions. The latest software is used in the devices themselves and in the processing of geospatial data. It provides more opportunities to automate the process of creating terrain models and the implementation of non-standard geodetic tasks. Therefore, now characteristic of the development of modern geodetic equipment is not to increase the accuracy of measurements, but to optimize the workflow using these devices. This is achieved through the development of hardware and software of these devices. This work is devoted to the comparative analysis of modern electronic geodetic instruments on the basis of specific instruments: total stations and GNSS receivers. The study uses methods: observation - to get acquainted with modern surveying equipment, comparison - to determine the technical features of modern electronic surveying instruments, analysis - to identify trends in modern electronic surveying instruments, sampling - to select instruments that will characterize their categories. A comparative analysis of modern geodetic instruments on the example of total stations Leica TS09 plus 1 "R500, Leica Nova MS60 1" and GNSS receivers GNSS Leica GS08Plus, Leica GS18 I was carried out to determine trends in modern electronic geodetic instruments. Thus, from this analysis follows a certain pattern. It is that there is no race for the accuracy of instruments - modern instruments have a very high accuracy. There is also a new trend in the technological development of geodetic instruments in the direction of increasing functionality and automation.
It has been proven that the introduction of the systems for continuous control of the equipment technical state is a necessary requirement of the modern maintenance of the critical equipment. The paper proposes the list of the processing facilities applied within the development systems for technical state control. The task of development of the system for recording, storing and displaying oscillographs of the automated electric drives of the wide-strip hot-rolling mill has been defined. The paper offers the analysis of the recording system based on the remote I/O controllers and the system with distributed industrial computers. The most informative-significant signals are listed. The network topology of the decentralized system implemented at the 2,500 mm wide-strip hot-rolling mill of OJSC Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works is suggested. Oscillographs of the main coordinates of the mill's electric drives obtained by means of the introduced system are provided.
The paper considers functions of the informational technologies which are implemented in the modern systems for monitoring complex industrial facilities. It substantiates the task to develop systems for monitoring technical state of the electrical equipment of the rolling mill units. The hardware configuration and software of the monitoring system are proven to be determined by technical parameters of the controlled items.Based on the technical data of electrical equipment of the 2,000 mm wide-strip hot-rolling mill at OJSC Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works, the structure and network topology of the system recording data of the main electric drives of the roughing and finishing mill stands have been developed. Network topology of the system and module structure of the software is considered.
The task of mill equipment with the vibration diagnostic system is relevant because of the need to enhance maintenance efficiency and reduce essential equipment failures. The main peculiarity of vibration processes appearing in the mill process line has been distinguished: appearing longitudinal vibrations transmitted through treated metal. Furthermore, approximation of longitudinal vibration frequencies to the strip natural frequency results in resonant vibrations. It causes strip defects and may trigger fault trip of the mill due to its breakage. The paper formulates requirements to the stationary system of the mill equipment vibration monitoring. It substantiates the strategy of vibration control based on solving two functional tasks: vibration monitoring and diagnostics. Tasks of the functional sub-systems are considered. The paper also lists mill stand defects to be determined with vibration diagnostics and criteria for their detection at the early stage. It provides the example of practical implementation of the developed strategy at establishment of the stationary system for diagnostic monitoring the equipment of the main electric drives of 630 mm five-stand cold-rolling mill at OJSC Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works. Locations for sensor installation at the mill stand equipment have been determined. The system functional structure is under consideration. Display representation of results of parametric vibration diagnostics is provided. Results of industrial introduction of the developed system are described.
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