Currently, domestic industry uses imported raw materials. At the same time, supplies of rapeseed oil for export as raw materials account for about 80% of the production volumes. Therefore, import substitution of rapeseed oil due to an increase in its own production and a significant increase in the efficiency of processing technology with improved quality characteristics, the development of innovative technology and technical means to improve the quality of peeling of rapeseed is relevant. Depending on the grain structure, one of three methods of peeling is used: compression and shear, multiple or single blow, by abrasion of the shells. The rapeseed kernel has a fragile structure, so peeling with a multiple blow is irrational. Two requirements are imposed on the rape seed peeling process: high-quality separation of husk from the kernel and preservation of the integrity of the kernel. The article describes the developed design of the installation for peeling rape in an electromagnetic field, which allows the peeling process to be carried out at low operating costs. The process of peeling rape is possible by hydromechanical destruction and abrasion of husks on rotating abrasive disks and mutual friction of grains in the EMF microwave, followed by removal of the shells by blowing air through a hollow dielectric shaft with holes and a perforated cylindrical resonator. The article also describes the technological process of rape peeling and conducted a feasibility study on the implementation of the proposed installation. The economic effect of the use of a microwave installation for rape peeling is 124 thousand rubles/month with the volume of output 38.5 tons/month, profitability will increase by 3.7%.
The aim of the work is to develop and justify the parameters of the installation for the granulation of non-food waste of animal and vegetable origin in the process of dielectric heating. Objectives of the study: to develop microwave installations with volumetric resonators of different configurations, providing high electric field strength and continuity of the process of granulating raw materials; calculate the parameters of the electrodynamic system of the generator (electric field strength, the intrinsic Q factor of the resonator) and visualize the distribution pattern of the electromagnetic field in the resonators of different configurations. The studies were based on the dielectric heating theory and the theory of forming granules from multicomponent raw materials. The parameters of the electrodynamic system of the microwave generator were studied in the CST Microwave Studio program. The structural performance of volume resonators is analyzed from the point of view of the implementation of the requirements imposed by microwave devices and granulators intended for use in farms. Analyzed devices with a toroidal resonator and a disk matrix and with ellipsoid resonators and gear ring matrices are analyzed. The electromagnetic field distributions are visualized in the developed design versions of resonators combined with the working chamber of granulators. The values of the self-quality of the resonators and the electric field strength in them are calculated.
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