The goal of this study was to evaluate the influence of natural variation in the regenerative status of dog tissues on the signs of hormesis, which are evident after total body exposure to low daily doses of external gamma radiation throughout the lifespan. Ninety beagle dogs of both sexes were irradiated with cobalt 60 at 0.003 Gy/day commencing 1 year after birth to death. Control (n = 169) and irradiated animals underwent whole-life clinical observation and autopsy, and were then retrospectively divided into two subgroups with (W) or without benign tumors or tumors of unknown nature (WO) that were clinically recorded on single days throughout the lifespan. Radiation hormesis was only detected in subgroup WO, which had life span (LS) of 10.7 years in the absence of radiation. The radiogenic prolongation of life to 11.8 years in the WO subgroup (p < 0.05) was similar to that in the W control and irradiated W subgroups (11.8 and 11.5 years, respectively). The number of solid malignancies found upon autopsy of the control WO subgroup was less (39.5%) than that evident in the control W subgroup (60%). Compared to the irradiated W subgroup, irradiation of the WO subgroup was accompanied by a slight increase (1.14-fold) in the number of solid malignancies evident at autopsy and in the clinical signs of tissue atrophy and body weight loss (2.4-fold and 2.4-fold, respectively), but was accompanied by strong reductions in the extent of anemia and hemoblastoses (>10-fold for both). The data exclude the notion that radiation is associated with healing, but suggest that certain pathologies (e.g., hemoblastoses) may be substituted with other less dangerous somatic diseases in weaker animals only.
Background: Numerous studies of tissues' regeneration have confessed the recovery of damaged liver by hematopoietic stem cells. The cells act not only by cell replacement in the target organ but also by delivering trophic factors that support endogenous liver regeneration. A little is known of how organ-derived signals recruit such committed cells into circulation. Objective: We investigated the roles of noninvasive mechanical percutaneous stress of cirrhotic human liver in numbers fluctuation of trophic, liver-specific alpha-fetoprotein-positive fraction of CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cells in lymphocytes of patients waiting for liver transplantation. Methods: To promote in blood the number of the alpha-fetoprotein-positive fraction of CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cells, committed to liver' tissue, we activated mechanically the cirrhotic liver of patient by transcutaneous micro vibration received from skin-contacted electromagnetic vibraphones generated mechanical pulses with amplitude 10 µm and smoothly changing frequency from 0.03 kHz to 18 kHz and back forth during one cycle duration 1 minute. The number of the alpha-fetoprotein-positive fraction of CD133-positive hematopoietic stem cells in lymphocytes of potential recipients was controlled by flow cytometry before and during daily sonication of skin area, which corresponds to liver projection on it. The 15 minutes cyclic sonication of the liver area performed daily for three weeks. Results: The sonication increased significantly averaged number of liver-specific alpha-fetoprotein-positive How to cite this paper: Shoutko, A.N., Gerasimova, O.A., Fedorov, V.A. and Zherebtsov, F.K. (2019) Non-Invasive Vibration-Stress of the Cirrhotic Liver of Patients Waiting for Transplantation Induces of Circulating CD133+ Stem Lymphocytes Committed Phenotypically toward the Liver.
Background: The unavoidable links between the benefits of conventional systemic treatment of cancer and the side effects such as lymphopenia. Objective: To analyze this phenomenon in view of the newly discovered trophic function of circulating hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and their lymphocyte descendants. Method: We used population statistics and recent current research involving natural aging and preliminary aging with cancer, its cytotoxic therapy, eclampsia at pregnancy, and radiation hormesis. Results: In contrast to immune-defense interpretations of these health conditions, the trophic influence of HSC and morphogenic lymphocytes on natural tissue renewal and regeneration after sublethal injuries eliminates the majority of covered inconsistencies, which are inherent to the dominating idea of cellular immunity. Conclusion: Our examination led to the feeding influence of lymphopoiesis on tumor progression, an indirect mechanism of tumor growth control by systemic therapy via either destruction of trophic cells, or by competitive distraction from malignant tissue via reparation of sublethal injuries in normal tissues. Analyses also involved similarities of the mechanisms of systemic chemotherapy and total body/half body radiotherapy in low doses, as well as the futility of the theoretical opposition of the radiation hormesis phenomenon to the linear non-threshold model, dominant in radiobiology.
The migrating TdT + thymocytes can die in other tissues, promoting the surrounding cells' renewing likes holocrine secretion does. To clarify the role of TdT-enzyme for this function of progenitor lymphocytes, their extracellular media with its components included by living cells analyzed in vitro before and after in vivo irradiation of donor rats. The nucleoid with DNase-sensitive (free) DNA and TdT activity discovered in extracellular media conditioned preliminary by spontaneous apoptotic death of a minor part of the thymocyte's suspension in vitro. The penetration of labeled products of non-template synthesis with free DNA' primers from media into cells by pinocytosis confirmed by exogenous polymeric DNA marked artificially. The DNA penetration into cells follows an increase of the cell's viability and acceleration of spontaneous intracellular DNA-synthesis controlled with labeled thymidine uptake. Both phenomena are typical for either the lowest initial concentration of intact cells or their preliminary irradiation in vivo. The data point to possible involvement of apoptotic decay of TdT + cells in the reutilization of the extracellular DNA fragments for reparation/regeneration of surrounding living cells.
In order to verify the principle of indirect control a tumor on the base of morphogenic cells distraction from it, the 114 patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma were treated with subtotal half-body (low part) irradiation at low doses (0,1 Gy x 10 for 3 weeks or 3Gy x 3 daily), and obtained data were compared with that for 190 patients received conventional local irradiation of the tumor (2 Gy x 23 daily). The surgery and chemotherapy components were equalized in both groups. The 34 % and 11% of 5-years survival was obtained at low dose half body irradiation for primary and relapsed patients in comparison with conventional local radiotherapy (7% and 0%). It is concluded, that reparation /regeneration processes being provoked artificially in normal tissues of cancer host are capable to compete remotely with tumor for the morphogenic/feeding cells originated from bone marrow and circulating with the blood.
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