This study focuses on the clinical symptoms of inflammatory and destructive lesions of the facial skeletal bones as a long-term complication of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The most common symptom of COVID-19 is thrombosis. Many scientists have noted that the main target of COVID-19 is the lungs with varying damage severity in the form of pneumonia. Acute cerebrovascular accidents and coronary pathology have become the most common causes of lethal outcomes in young people. Clinically, in patients with COVID-19, both obvious thrombotic complications were recorded with large thrombi detection (not only in the veins and pulmonary arteries, but also in the heart and vessels of the brain, kidneys, and liver), as well as signs of thrombosis at the microcirculatory level, which is quite difficult to establish in vivo. The diagnostics, treatment, and follow-up of a patient with COVID-19 history and complications that arose in the maxillofacial region were conducted in the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of Clinical Hospital. Upon admission, the patient was diagnosed with chronic osteomyelitis of the upper jaw on the right, chronic right-sided maxilloethmoidal sinusitis, mucous membrane defect on the right hard palate, oroantral fistula on the right, and keratitis of the right eye. During the inpatient treatment, multicomponent therapy was performed. During the therapy, a general condition and local status improvement of the patient was noted.
CONCLUSIONS: The clinical cases indicate that the course of COVID-19 is characterized by late complications in the maxillofacial region in the form of damaged vessels that extend from the а. maxillaris trunk in the pterygopalatine fossa region.
The trophic disorder was slowly progressive and irreversible. The clinical and radiological presentation showed no clearly defined boundaries of bone necrosis of the facial middle zone. Low tissue regeneration was noteworthy.
This review/prognostic article briefly shows the pandemic features of COVID-19, morphological changes in blood vessels in COVID-19, mainly related to endotheliitis and thrombosis of small vessel branches. Cases of COVID-19 complications occurring in the practice of maxillofacial surgeons are given. Regarding possible complications during invasive interventions on the head and neck, we believe it is possible to consider COVID-19 in the anamnesis of patients in the departments of maxillofacial surgery as a new risk factor, and in case of severe course and prognosis of possible complications, as a contraindication for manipulations in the head and neck area.
The paper presents evidence of the effectiveness and safety of using the acoustic method for predicting scar formation in patients with purulent inflammatory diseases of the face and neck. An acoustic medical diagnostic device was used to develop a prognostic criterion for assessing scar formation in these patients, and factors influencing the scarring process have been determined. Results of this study demonstrated that it is possible to determine the type of scarring at the early stage of wound healing in patients with purulent inflammatory diseases in the face and neck area using an acoustic medical diagnostic device that allows the assessment of the scarring type, prescribing adequate treatment, and taking preventive measures against pathological scarring of tissues.
The article is devoted to the transformation of the scientific directions of the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry of the Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University over a 100-year period of development, the history of the creation of the first department of this profile in Russia, modern work on clinical bases.
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