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BackgroundAyurvedic medicine is based on natural healing methods that use herbal medicine to cleanse the body of toxins and to attain physical and mental regeneration. Triphala (TLP) is one of the most important ayurvedic supplements and is believed to have a beneficial effect on the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract.PurposeWe aim to summarize available literature focused on the components of TLP (Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica and Phyllanthus emblica) and discusse their effectiveness and therapeutic value for improving lower GI symptoms in functional GI disorders, particularly irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).MethodsThis study is based on pertinent papers that were retrieved by a selective search using relevant keywords in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases.ResultsThe components of TLP are believed to cause restoration of the epithelium lining of the digestive tract, and by exhibiting mild laxative properties facilitate passage of stool in the colon. TLP is rich in polyphenols, vitamin C and flavonoids, which provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. It also contains various types of acids, such as gallic, chebulagic and chebulinic, which additionally possess cytoprotective and antifungal properties.ConclusionTriphala holds potential in improving lower GI symptoms and may be a valuable and effective addition to standard treatment of IBS. Supplementation of TLP herbal formulations alone or along with other probiotics can be recommended in ongoing clinical studies.

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W grudniu 2019 r. w Chinach odnotowano pierwsze przypadki zapalania płuc spowodowane zakażeniem nieznanym dotychczas koronawirusem, który ze względu na swoje podobieństwo do wirusa SARS-CoV (ang. severe acute respiratory syndrome) został nazwany SARS-CoV-2, a choroba przez niego wywoływana - COVID-19 (ang. Coronavirus Disease 2019). Dnia 11 marca 2020 r. Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia (ang. World Health Organization, WHO) ze względu na stale rosnącą liczbę przypadków COVID-19 ogłosiła pandemię wirusa. W tej pracy przeglądowej przedstawiamy dotychczasowe naukowe doniesienia na temat pochodzenia, obrazu klinicznego, diagnostyki, budowy i replikacji SARS-CoV-2 oraz potencjalnych farmakologicznych sposobach leczenia COVID-19.

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: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. In developed countries its mortality remains high, yet the prevalence has established owing to effective screening programs; however due to the westernization of lifestyle the incidence in many other countries increased. Although the treatment of CRC has improved in the last few years, the side effects of these approaches cannot be neglected. Recently, members of the family of free fatty acid receptors (FFARs) have become attractive pharmacological targets in many diseases, including asthma; studies also point to their role in carcinogenesis. Here we discuss current knowledge and future directions in FFAR research related to CRC. Contradictory results of FFARs modulation may derive from the pleiotropic effects of FFAR ligands, receptor distribution and different signal transduction. Hence, we indicate directions of further studies to fully use the potential of FFARs in CRC.