Introduction: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic pathology in the population. The risk factors of overweight and obesity in children with DS have not been comprehensively examined, and research in this area, conducted in Poland, is scarce. Aim of the research: To evaluate the diets of children with Down syndrome in preschool age, depending on their nutritional status. Material and methods: The survey was conducted in children with DS between the ages of three and six years. The analysis included 50 questionnaires correctly completed by parents or legal guardians. The children were divided into three groups according to the body mass index (BMI) index: overweight children, children with a normal BMI, and underweight children. To determine the relationship between BMI and diet, the c 2 test was used, and the significance level was p < 0.05. Results: Overweight children consume significantly more meals in kindergarten than other children (p = 0.04), including two lunches (in kindergarten and at home) (p = 0.02), and more often eat between meals (p = 0.007). In addition, hypothyroidism was significantly more frequent among children with overweight and obesity (p = 0.005). In the study group we also found frequent, unjustified applications of elimination diets, resulting from parents' conviction about their beneficial effects on the health of children with DS. Conclusions: In preschool-age children with Down syndrome, numerous nutritional errors are made resulting in disturbances in their nutritional status. It seems necessary to introduce nutritional education that mainly covers kindergarten employees responsible for nutrition, as well as parents and guardians of children with Down syndrome. Streszczenie Wprowadzenie: Zespół Downa (ZD) to najczęściej występująca patologia genetyczna w populacji. Czynniki ryzyka wystąpienia nadwagi i otyłości u dzieci z ZD nie zostały dotąd wyczerpująco opisane, a badania w tym zakresie prowadzone w Polsce są nieliczne. Cel pracy: Ocena sposobu żywienia dzieci z ZD w wieku przedszkolnym w zależności od stanu ich odżywienia. Materiał i metody: Badanie ankietowe przeprowadzono u dzieci z ZD w wieku od 3 do 6 lat. Analizie poddano 50 kwestionariuszy prawidłowo wypełnionych przez rodziców lub opiekunów dzieci. Na podstawie wskaźnika masy ciała (BMI) podzielono dzieci na trzy grupy: dzieci z nadwagą, z prawidłowym BMI oraz z niedowagą. Do określenia zależności między BMI a sposobem żywienia zastosowano test c 2 , przyjęto poziom istotności p < 0,05. Wyniki: Dzieci z nadwagą spożywały w przedszkolu istotnie więcej posiłków niż pozostałe dzieci (p = 0,04), jadły dwa obiady (w przedszkolu i w domu) (p = 0,02), a także częściej podjadały między posiłkami (p = 0,007). Dodatkowo wśród dzieci z nadwagą i otyłością istotnie częściej występowała niedoczynność tarczycy (p = 0,005). W badanej grupie stwierdzono też częste, nieuzasadnione stosowanie diet eliminacyjnych, wynikające z przekonania rodziców o ich korzystnym wpływie na zdrowie dziecka z ZD. Evaluation of diet in preschool-age ch...
The popularity of the use of accessories supporting baby caring such as rockers, car seats, baby carriers, and walkers is defined as container culture or container lifestyle. There is a tendency to use such items incorrectly, often leaving the infant without parental supervision. Reduction of a child's spontaneous motor activity, prolonged stay in a forced supination position, premature sitting, or premature standing cause disturbances in motor, cognitive, social, and emotional development. The aim of the study is to present the problem of container baby syndrome. We would like to present recommendations that can be used during the parents' education, to raise their awareness of proper conduct and stimulation of their child's development.
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