The article presents the description and comprehension of the experience of developments in the field of linguistic and regional studies and nationally oriented educational lexicography. The latter is based on the ideas of nationally oriented education and associated with the creation of a linguo-cultural dictionary for citizens of Vietnam who study Russian as a foreign language. Today’s reality is considered to be largely aimed at purely applied aspects of knowledge, including in teaching foreign languages and, in particular, Russian as a foreign language (RFL). In this regard, dictionaries are becoming very significant, among which a special place belongs to the so-called “linguo-cultural dictionary”, which has a relatively recent history of use. Information obtained with the help of such lexicographic sources contributed and contributes to students’ deeper understanding of Russian in real situations. But, since a foreigner “in general” does not exist in nature, the so-called “nationally oriented education”, learning with regard to the national culture of the addressee, becomes more and more relevant. Nationally oriented education implies optimizing the teaching of a specific foreigner the ability to communicate primarily with a native representative of the Russian language and culture, i.e. teaching Russian not just as a foreign language, but as a means of intercultural communication. In this regard, a group of employees of the Pushkin State Russian Language Institute, the authors of this article, together with foreign partners, began to create a concept for a linguo-cultural learner’s dictionary of the so-called “active” type, intended for the Vietnamese audience. This dictionary, as conceived by the developers of the concept, will be focused mainly on a nonphilological audience that will be able to use the relevant information in communication with Russian-speaking partners in business, joint production, etc. As an example, against the background of the Vietnamese linguistic culture, the concept “family” is considered. This concept is part of the basic system of values of the native representatives of the Russian language and culture and in the future nationally oriented linguo-cultural dictionary intended for the Vietnamese audience. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
The article focuses on the analysis of the Value System which constitutes part of a cultural code from the perspective of culturally oriented lexicography. The analysis is based on the comparison of the Russian and Mongolian languages. The authors of the article discuss a number of closely connected theoretical and practical issues, which include: the essence of the Value System from the point of view of linguistics, culture studies and psychology; the functioning of this system; its influence on the formation of speech behavior and communicative competences; the possibility of using the knowledge about the Value System in the teaching of foreign languages and cultures. The article also touches upon the issues of linguistic lexicography aimed at compiling dictionaries, which explain the culture-specific meanings of its units. The authors give a survey of a culturally-oriented dictionary of Russian language and culture for the citizens of Mongolia where the material will be presented on a comparative basis. The core of dictionaries of this kind will be the Value System as a linguocognitive phenomenon. The idea is illustrated by the analysis of the semantics of three basic human values: health, family and education. The research provides an opportunity to state both similarities and differences in the meaning of the verbalized value orientations in the Russian and Mongolian languages and cultures. The analysis allows us to emphasize the significance of mapping the dynamics of the linguistic worldview as part of the ethnic mentality, which reflects both its cognitive and emotional components. The research develops basic postulates of cognitive linguistics, cultural linguistics, intercultural communication and culture studies.
Задача создания концепции национально ориентированного лингвострановедческого словаря для вьетнамских граждан, изу-чающих РКИ, заставляет обратиться к ряду вопросов теоретического плана, без рассмотрения которых невозможно обозначить вектор дальнейшей деятельности. Определение цели обучения любому иностранному языку неотделимо от особенностей языка как предмета обучения. В контексте современной цивилизационной парадигмы, несмотря на возникшие в последнее время проблемы медико-биологического характера, овладение языком как средством, обеспечивающим возможность взаимодействия стран и народов, остается условием существования всего мирового сообщества как такового. Особенности языка как предмета изучения и обучения неразрывно связаны с понятием речевой деятельности, учение о которой было заложено отечественным лингвистом и психологом, профессором А.А. Леонтьевым, его коллегами и учениками, к которым принадлежит один из авторов настоящей статьи, а также с национально-культурной спецификой языкового сознания. The task of creating the concept of a nationally oriented linguistic and regional vocabulary for Vietnamese citizens studying Russian as a foreign language, the authors of this article are forced to turn to a number of theoretical issues, without which it is impossible to identify a vector for further activities. The definition of the purpose of teaching any foreign language is known to be inseparable from the characteristics of the language as a subject of study. As for the first, in the context of the modern civilizational paradigm, despite the recent problems of a biomedical nature, mastering it as a means of ensuring the possibility of interaction between countries and peoples remains an urgent need, and, perhaps, a condition for the existence of the entire world community as such. The features of language as a subject of study and training are inextricably linked with the concept of speech activity, the teaching of which was laid down in Soviet times by the famous domestic linguist and psychologist A.A. Leontyev, his colleagues and students, to whom one of the authors of this article belongs, as well as with the national and cultural specificity of linguistic consciousness.
The article deals with a relatively new scientific direction, namely, nationally oriented educational lexicography related to the creation of a linguistic and regional dictionary for students of Russian as a foreign citizen of Vietnam.
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