The article analyzes the availability of wood resources as a key indicator of the sustainability of logging operations. This study leads to the conclusion that the process of assessing the availability of wood resources is associated with the collection and analysis of a large amount of data. At the same time, the more raw data is analyzed, the better the evaluation is. This article describes the experience of creating a software product based on geographic information and analytical systems designed for detailed assessment of the entire set of factors that determine the level of availability of forest resources. The results of the assessment of the availability of wood resources in the Krasnoyarsk Territory are presented. The results obtained will allow to increase the effi ciency of the use of forest resources, to select the ideal technology and system of machines, to avoid environmental disturbance, to develop the optimal route for timber transportation which will eventually allow the forest user to make the largest profi t from the timber products received.
As analysis of the results of numerous studies has shown, the raw material for the production of wood fi ber material can be chips from wood residue. In the process of producing high-quality wood fi ber semi-fi nished product, high-quality wood chips are subjected to hydrothermal processing and further grinding in disk blade grinding machines in two stages. Signifi cant energy intensity of the process of wood fi ber production is caused not only by the grinding of chips in two steps, but also by overcoming the hydrodynamic resistance of the aquatic environment in which grinding is carried out. In order to solve the problem of expanding the raw material base for the production of wood fi ber semi-fi nished product and reduce the energy intensity of the grinding process, research has been carried out on the process of grinding chips from logging residues in an aerodynamic environment in a modernized plank-cross grinder. An analysis of the features of the process of grinding chips in an aerodynamic environment has been performed and an estimate of its effectiveness has been formed. The infl uence of the main structural and technological parameters of the process of production a wood fi ber semi-fi nished product in an aerodynamic environment on its quality indicators is shown. Statistical-mathematical equations and graphical dependences are obtained that allow predicting the quality indicators of a wood fi ber semi-fi nished product for given structural and technological parameters of the grinding equipment.
For the moment, the priority for the development of forestry is the provision of continuous, non-exhaustive and rational use of forest resources. In spite of this, logging residues, i.e. brushwood, twigs, tree tops, butt end and cull wood, which are unavoidably formed due to logging processes, are ploughed and burned. Analysis of this type of logging debris showed that logging residues are up to 18% of the total wood biomass and they are potential raw materials for obtaining woodchips for fuel and other types of products. The study presents evidence-based and experimentally confi rmed possibility of obtaining woodchips for fi ber board, pulp and paper industry. The infl uence of the wood species and the type of logging residues on the quality indicators of chip was established. Aleksandr Mokhirev, et al. -Evaluation of possibility of obtaining woodchips from wood residues
The purpose of the work is to develop technological measures that make it possible to increase the availability of wood resources in a certain area of the forest reserves with the minimum expenditure of resources (fi nancial, labor, material). The results of research of theoretical and methodical bases of availability of wood resources have been provided; the following fi ve key types have been identifi ed: ecological, transport, technical, technological and economic availability. On the basis of factor analysis of wood availability, the following technological measures aimed at the most effective wood availability management have been developed: the involvement of wood waste in the production process of an enterprise with the purpose of additional products manufacture; selection of the optimal system of logging machines; selection of the optimal route for wood raw materials transportation using the minimum cost method. For approbation of the developed measures, the Gremuchinskoe logging site of the Novoyeniseiskiy Wood-Chemical Complex CJSC, located in Krasnoyarsk Territory, was selected. The average annual volume of raw materials harvested for sawing in this area is 240,000 m3. The primary assessment of the availability of wood raw materials showed that more than 66% of the total stock of raw materials (by volume) in the specifi ed area is unavailable for effi cient industrial development. The introduction of the developed measures allowed reducing this indicator to the level of 23.84%.
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