Project-based approach is one of the most widespread approaches to promotion of innovations. Risk management in innovative projects is one of the most difficult tasks in project management due to high degree of uncertainty which is intrinsic to innovative projects. Depending on the phase of innovation's life cycle, the parameters of innovative projects' risk management change, which, in turn, results in the need to use various methodic tools. The key risks on the phase of development and implementation of an innovative project include the risk of non-realizability of an innovative idea and the group of risks related to failure to achieve the basic project parameters including the timing risk, project budget deficit risk and the risk of failure to achieve the innovation's targets. Targets include improvement in risk management on the phases of development and innovations in case of the project-based approach through development and adaptation of existing and elaboration of new approaches and methods of risks identification, assessment and mitigation. This article solved the following issues, which contribute to achievement of the above goal: -identification of key risks of innovative projects, which are intrinsic to the phases of project development and implementation; -adaptation, enhancement and development of methodical tools for assessment and analysis of the key risks of innovative projects; -elaboration of enforcement actions focusing on the key risks of innovative projects on the basis of data obtained in the course
In the study, we consider the methods for optimizing the configuration of the network structure of enterprises based on the theory of fuzzy sets. These methods allow customizing the value chain in such a way as to maximize the likelihood of the success of a joint project to create innovative products. A strategic decision to change the configuration of the network structure is made based on an analysis of deviations of the generalized capabilities from the generalized requirements for the enterprise and its closest neighbors along the value chain. This optimization principle allows changing the configuration, taking into account the interests of participants in the network structure as a whole. We have formulated the task of developing tools for enterprise engineering based on intelligent decision support technologies and multi-agent systems. The approach to justifying decisions in the conditions of lack and incompleteness of the initial data on the basis of soft models is an alternative to existing traditional methods. The proposed network structure optimization model will allow effective strategic planning, supporting flexible management mechanisms at the strategic and operational levels. The research results show that it is possible to improve the efficiency of interaction between enterprises united by common goals by using services that allow enterprises to find information about their potential partners.
Modern production of high-tech products is characterized by the transition from the traditional design paradigm to the new paradigm of designing a holistic unified set of products. In this regard, the process of designing high-tech products needed to be allocated into a separate typethe system design. Its main methodological provisions are presented in the study. The result of the generalization was the developed system design model, which included the engineering design and process design stages, a method for evaluating the unification effectiveness, suitable for use at both intraspecific and trans-species levels, and an algorithm for the practical use of an integrated model and proposals for its use at the stages of creation of high-tech products. The use of the methodological toolkit for system design of high-tech products allows reducing the cost of their creation, production and operation significantly, as well as obtaining the structure of production with balanced efficiency and cost. The practical implementation of the proposed tools is possible at the stage of selecting design organizations. The developed toolkit is universal and can be used in all sectors of the economy.
The ratings-based approach to assessment of financial and economic condition of companies was analyzed from the perspective of multiple-criteria selection. The author specifies basic problems to be solved when making integral ratings: selection of the compromise principle and relevant optimality principle; accounting for priorities of the criteria; criteria normalization. The article analyzes one of the most widespread compromise principles of ratings-the principle of fair compromise, which solves the problem of multiple criteria in a radical way through convolution of relevant set of criteria into a single integral criterion. The procedure, which is based on the hierarchical analysis method and some auxiliary computing procedures, which allow to make point and interval assessments of indicators of companies' financial and economic condition, is suggested for hierarchical synthesis of the integral rating. The author considers the procedure application chart, which was brought up to the level of implementation. Automated application was made on the MS Excel tabular processor platform using VBA, and such automated application includes three basic functional subsystems: source data import subsystem; subsystem for assessment of the companies' financial and economic condition; the companies' ratings generation subsystem. The suggested solution may be used as a prototype of a commercial automated system, which allows the customer to specify requirements in respect of the created system, and which allows the developer to adjust its functionality, with direct involvement of system users for this purpose. The developed prototype was tested on the data of six real single-industry companies.
Научная новизна: на основе анализа общих закономерностей теории менеджмента проанализирована и уточнена система критериев оценки научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских работ, выполняемых научными организациями и конструкторскими бюро в интересах выполнения программ диверсификации производства на предприятиях оборонно-промышленного комплекса. На базе сформулированных методологических основ, учитывающих специфику ценообразования на результаты научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских работ, проводимых в интересах обеспечения национальной безопасности, разработаны предложения по развитию методов экономической оценки данных работ и инструментарий прогнозирования их цены. Практическая значимость: результаты исследования могут служить основой для разработки и корректировки планов выполнения научных работ, осуществляемых с целью обеспечения процесса диверсификации производства на предприятиях оборонно-промышленного комплекса.Ключевые слова: экономика и управление народным хозяйством; цена; научно-исследовательские и опытноконструкторские работы; диверсификация; продукция; оценка; эффективность Благодарность: исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РНФ в рамках научного проекта № 21-78-20001. Конфликт интересов: авторами не заявлен.Статья находится в открытом доступе в соответствии с Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), предусматривающем некоммерческое использование, распространение и воспроизводство на любом носителе при условии упоминания оригинала статьи.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.