Radiolabelled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) are promising nanomaterial for development of dual radiation/hyperthermia cancer therapy. To that purpose, flower-shaped SPIONs with an exceptional heating capability were synthesised and coated with citrate, dextran or (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. Both non-coated and coated SPIONs were nontoxic to CT-26 mouse colon cancer cells up to 1.0 mg/mL in vitro. In an oscillating magnetic field, citrate-coated SPIONs (CA/SPIONs) displayed the highest heating rate (SAR253 W/g) and strongest hyperthermia effects against CT-26 cells. Labelling of CA/SPIONs by 90Y radionuclide, emitting β− radiation with average/maximum energy of 0.94/2.23 MeV and deep tissue penetration, generated 90Y-CA/SPIONs intended for therapy of solid tumours. However, intravenous injection of 90Y-CA/SPIONs in CT-26 xenografts-bearing mice resulted in low tumour accumulation. Contrary, intratumoral injection resulted in long-term retention at the injection site. A single intratumoral injection of 0.25 mg CA/SPIONs followed by 30-minute courses of magnetic hyperthermia for 4 consecutive days caused a moderate antitumor effect against CT-26 and 4T1 mouse tumour xenografts. Intratumoral application of 1.85MBq/0.25 mg 90Y-CA/SPIONs, alone or combined by hyperthermia caused a significant (P ≤ 0.01) antitumor effect without signs of systemic toxicity. The results confirm suitability of 90Y-CA/SPIONs for monotherapy or dual magnetic hyperthermia-radionuclide nanobrachytherapy (NBT) of solid tumours.
In this work facile one step synthesis of magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) nanoparticles decorated on reduced graphene oxide (MgFe@RGO) using a microwave assisted hydrothermal procedure is reported. The synthesized material was characterized with help of several techniques and applied for the modification of glassy carbon electrode. Such prepared electrode was utilized for successive simultaneous detection of structurally similar compounds, 1,2‐ and 1,4‐dihydroxibenzenes (catechol (CC) and hydroquinone (HQ)), using differential pulse voltammetry technique. It was found that oxidation current increases linearly with the concentrations of both investigated compounds. Detection limits for both species are ≤0.31 μM. The best analytical response in the presence of both CC and HQ, taking into account peak shape and peak current, was obtained at pH 5.6 utilizing acetate buffer solution. The often‐presented species in the surface waters as well as gallic acid and caffeine do not interfere with determination of CC and HQ, while ascorbic acid shows high interference. The method is successfully applied for detection of catechol and hydroquinone in real samples analyses.
Initial results en route toward construction of complex magnetic core-shell silica and organosilica nanotheranostics are presented. Magnetite nanoparticles are synthesized by three different methods and embedded within mesoporous silica and organosilica frameworks by different surfactant-templated procedures to produce three types of core-shell nanoparticles. Magnetite nanoparticles (15 nm in diameter) are embedded within mesoporous silica nanoparticles to produce cell-like material with predominantly one magnetite nuclei-resembling core per nanoparticle, with final particle diameter of ca. 150 nm, specific surface area of 573 m2/g and hexagonally structured tubular pores (2.6 nm predominant diameter), extended throughout the volume of nanoparticles. Two forms of spherical core-shell nanoparticles composed of magnetite cores embedded within mesoporous organosilica shells are also obtained by employing ethylene and ethane bridged organobisalkoxysilane precursors. The obtained nanomaterials are characterized by high surface area (978 and 820 m2/g), tubular pore morphology (2 and 2.8 nm predominant pore diameters), different diameters (386 and 100-200 nm), in case of ethylene- and ethane-composed organosilica shells, respectively. Different degree of agglomeration of magnetite nanoparticles was also observed in the obtained materials, and in the case of utilization of surfactant-pre-stabilized magnetite nanoparticles for the syntheses, their uniform and non-agglomerated distribution within the shells was noted.
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