Vladimir StojanovićPoslovni i pravni fakultet, Univerzitet ''Union -Nikola Tesla'', Beograd, Srbija Nada Živanović Poslovni i Pravni Fakultet, Univerzitet ''Union -Nikola Tesla'', Beograd, Srbija ©MESTE JEL kategorija: O12, O15 ApstraktRaspoloživi ljudski resursi su jedan od potencijalnih uslova za razvoj MSPP sektora i preduzetništva u Srbiji. Uprkos tome, prisutna je nepovoljna struktura ljudskih resursa, u kojoj tehničke specijalizacije za viši tehnološki nivo, ne dominiraju što uslovljava širenje tehnološkog jaza. Karakteristično je da poslednjih godina u Srbiji postoji i nesklad ponude i tražnje na tržištu menadžera, i to bez obzira kojoj kategoriji firme pripadaju i koje delatnosti obavljaju. Postoji nesklad ponude i tražnje za određenim profilima zanimanja u funkcionisanju neophodnom za MSPP sektor. Ipak, preimućstvo malih firmi je u njihovoj inovativnosti i fleksibilnosti a isto tako, ono što je prednost može postati i nedostatak. Njihova resursna snaga je mala, jer ne mogu pokriti sve funkcije sa dovoljno specijalizovanog tzv. "kadra" i pribegavaju zapošljavaju trenutno ponuđenim ljudskim resursima sa opštim znanjima zbog racionalizacije. Usvajanjem Strategije za MSPP sektor i preduzetništvo 2015. godine, stvoreni su osnovni uslovi za razvoj preduzetništva i viši nivo ljudskih resursa. Sveobuhvatnim aktivnostima u realizaciji Strategije, prvenstveno u delu izvora finansiranja i alternativnih izvora finansiranja, inovacijama proizvodnji i tehnološkoj opremljenosti, inovativnijim zakonskim rešenjima u narednim godinama, tehnička specijalizacija ljudskih resursa će značajno doprineti rastu konkurentnosti i profitabilnosti. U radu se objašnjava značaj Menadžment ljudskih resursa koji zauzima jednu od najvažnijih tema i pozicija u kreiranju razvoja, funkcionisanja i uspešnosti MSPP sektora u Evropskoj Uniji i kod nas. Zato, Prvo i najznačajnije Adresa autora zaduženog za korespodenciju: Aleksandar Gračanac aleksandar.gracanac@pks.rs Gračanac, A. Specijalizacija ljudskih resursna i razvoj MSP
Background/Aim. To discuss current challenges and future perspectives in order to initiate a debate on the introduction of leadership in Serbia's health care system. The ultimate goal of the review is to provide a ground work on which future standardized training and credentialing curriculum could be based on. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched in December 2017 and January 2018 for scientific papers written in English using the keywords: health systems, management, leadership, medical education. Health care issues have been the subject of intense scientific discussions around the world for the past two decades. Most attention is drawn to the efforts of interested countries to find the most effective way of managing complex health care systems. There is evidence that management is important and that in successful management, the effects are correlated with management practices and promoted values. The situation where heads of health care teams of large clinical systems in Serbia are physicians, requires more attention to be paid to managerial and leadership skills. Clinical quality depends on employee team work, therefore leadership and management skills are necessary at all levels. The development of leadership competencies must be an integral part of the training and eductation of doctors in Serbia. There is currently a great necessity of a standardized curriculum to be developed and applyed with training and certification of current and future leaders.
This study on the performance of state-owned enterprises in Serbia has shown that the state has great difficulties managing the enterprises that are in its portfolio and under its control. The adaptation of state-owned enterprises to exogenous shocks unfolds at a slow pace and is faced with many problems. The institutional environment for the strategic restructuring of the state sector is not in the service of strengthening the efficiency of its business operation. The study has shown that the economic performance of state-owned enterprises exerts a direct influence on economic growth, the budget, government balance sheets, and debt. While healthy enterprises (the ones conducting their business successfully) are valuable state-owned property, enterprises with a loss or over indebted enterprises are obligations which demand intervention through the injection of additional capital or through other forms of help from the state. The main goal of restructuring state-owned enterprises is to improve responsibility and efficiency. The array of measures for improving efficiency ranges from modifications of the legal framework and corporate governance of socially owned enterprises (including corporatization and separation of activities) to the sale of property to the private sector or complete privatization. Reforms are aimed at improving the transparency and responsibility of state-owned enterprises, not just for the purpose of efficiency but also for the purpose of harmonization with the ethical and deontological requirements.
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