This paper examines the effects of banking crises and financial liberalization on the relationship between financial development and economic growth in a panel of 16 Latin American countries over the period 1973-2005. Applying the dynamic panel method that incorporates Generalized Method of Moments system, the main findings show that financial liberalization did not result in a positive relationship between financial development and economic growth due to the emergence and recurrence of banking crises. Our findings also confirm those of theoretical approaches that suggest financial liberalization can generate banking crises, while bringing into question approaches that support a positive relationship between financial development and economic growth.
Realizamos una revisión de la literatura para explicar los factores que determinan la presencia de la banca extranjera en países en desarrollo. Asimismo, analizamos las evidencias empíricas de la entrada de esta banca en la eficiencia de la local y las repercusiones en la estabilidad de los sistemas bancarios locales. Consideramos que existen aspectos que no se han estudiado y pueden ser relevantes para la estabilidad del sector bancario de un país en desarrollo. Por ello proponemos realizar investigaciones sobre el impacto de la entrada de la banca externa en el crecimiento económico y las implicaciones de la evolución económica del país huésped y el país de origen en las actividades de esas instituciones extranjeras. El propósito es intentar despertar el interés de los investigadores por estudios que aporten un mayor conocimiento en este tema.
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