RSE and SRSE are neurological emergencies with limited therapeutic options. Multi-national collaborative efforts are desirable to evaluate the safety and efficacy of current RSE/SRSE therapies, and potentially impact patients' outcomes.

CSNK2B has recently been implicated as a disease gene for neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) and epilepsy. Information about developmental outcomes has been limited by the young age and short follow-up for many of the previously reported cases, and further delineation of the spectrum of associated phenotypes

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The pSERG hospitals status epilepticus pathways are consistent with the AES status epilepticus guideline in regard to the choice of medications, but generally recommend more rapid escalation in therapy than the guideline.

Transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS) is a neuromodulatory technique that has been studied in the last decade. Several parameters have been assessed independently to optimize the effects. Our aim was to explore the effects of tPCS using different montages on cortical brain oscillations indexed by power spectrum and interhemispheric coherence in different electroencephalography frequency bands. Twenty healthy individuals were randomized to receive either active tPCS or sham intervention using the following bilateral montages: ear clip (conventional), ear hook, or mastoid placement. Electroencephalography was recorded before and after the electroencephalography intervention to assess tPCS-induced after effects. Our results showed that active tPCS with bimastoid montage increased significantly alpha absolute power (P =0.0166) and low alpha (P =0.0014) in the frontal region, as well as in the low alpha power spectrum in the central (P =0.0001) and parieto-occipital regions (P =0.0068) compared with the other montages. For interhemispheric coherence analysis, the Kruskal–Wallis test showed a significant main effect of group for theta (P =0.0012) in the frontal region, mainly for ear-clip montage. Our findings evidenced that tPCS delivered through different electrode montages exert different effects on cortical brain oscillations and thus have a different neural signature. We discuss the implications of these findings as well as potential clinical explorations of this technique.

Objective:To determine whether publication of evidence on delays in time to treatment shortens time to treatment in pediatric refractory convulsive status epilepticus (rSE), we compared time to treatment before (2011-2014) and after (2015-2019) publication of evidence of delays in treatment of rSE in the pediatric status epilepticus research group (pSERG) as assessed by patient interviews and record review.Methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected dataset from June 2011 to September 2019 on pediatric patients (1 month to 21 years of age) with rSE.Results:We studied 328 patients (56% males) with median (p25-p75) age of 3.8 (1.3-9.4) years. There were no differences in the median (p25-p75) time to first benzodiazepine (BZD) [20 (5-52.5) minutes versus 15 (5-38) minutes, p=0.3919], time to first non-BZD anti-seizure medication [68 (34.5-163.5) minutes versus 65 (33-142) minutes, p=0.7328], and time to first continuous infusion [186 (124.2-571) minutes versus 160 (89.5-495) minutes, p=0.2236]. Among 157 patients with out-of-hospital onset whose time to hospital arrival was available, the proportion who received at least one BZD before hospital arrival increased after publication of evidence of delays [41/81 (50.6%) versus 57/76 (75%), p=0.0018], and the odds ratio (OR) was also increased in multivariable logistic regression [OR=4.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.96-10.3), p=0.0005].Conclusion:Publication of evidence on delays in time to treatment was not associated with improvements in time to treatment of rSE, although it was associated with an increase in the proportion of patients who received at least one BZD before hospital arrival.

To characterize the pediatric super-refractory status epilepticus population by describing treatment variability in super-refractory status epilepticus patients and comparing relevant clinical characteristics, including outcomes, between super-refractory status epilepticus, and nonsuper-refractory status epilepticus patients.