Atresia brônquica congênita é uma anomalia rara, caracterizada pela presença de broncocele com hiperinsuflação distal. Relatam-se dois casos dessa anomalia e descrevem-se os achados clínicos e radiológicos que suportam o seu diagnóstico sem a necessidade de uso de métodos invasivos ou cirúrgicos.
Objective: To evaluate paranasal sinuses in patients with stable or acute asthma in order to determine the prevalence of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 30 patients with acute asthma (73% females) treated in the emergency room and 30 patients with stable asthma (80% females) regularly monitored as outpatients. All patients completed a questionnaire on respiratory signs and symptoms and were submitted to ear, nose and throat (ENT) examination, as well as to X-ray and computed tomography (CT) imaging of the sinuses. Results: Based on the clinical diagnosis, the prevalence of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis was 40% in the patients with acute asthma and 3% in those with stable asthma. The ENT examination findings and the imaging findings in isolation were not useful to confirm the diagnosis. Conclusions: In themselves, ENT examination findings, X-ray findings and CT findings were not useful for the diagnosis of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis. Our results provide further evidence that a clinical diagnosis of bacterial rhinosinusitis should be made with caution.Keywords: Asthma; Sinusitis; Radiography; Tomography, X-ray computed; Endoscopy. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar os seios paranasais em asmáticos estáveis e asmáticos agudizados para determinar a prevalência de rinossinusite bacteriana aguda. Métodos: Estudo transversal incluindo 30 pacientes com asma aguda (73% do sexo feminino) tratados na sala de emergência e 30 pacientes estáveis (80% do sexo feminino) regularmente acompanhados em ambulatório. Todos os pacientes responderam a um questionário sobre sinais e sintomas respiratórios e foram submetidos a exame otorrinolaringológico e a radiograma e tomografia computadorizada de seios da face. Resultados: Com base no diagnóstico clínico, a prevalência de rinossinusite bacteriana aguda foi de 40% nos pacientes com asma aguda e de 3% nos com asma estável. O exame otorrinolaringológico e os exames de imagem isoladamente não foram úteis para a confirmação diagnóstica. Conclusões: O exame otorrinolaringológico e o radiograma e a tomografia de seios da face por si só não foram úteis para o diagnóstico de rinossinusite bacteriana aguda. Nossos resultados confirmam a evidência de que o diagnóstico clínico de rinossinusite aguda deve ser dado com cautela.
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