Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and its importance in companies around the globe have grown substantially in the past years. With the advent of globalization, managers in different contexts have been exposed to the notion of CSR and are being pressured to adopt CSR initiatives. This made organizations develop strategies to enhance managing their ways of working in a way that they can produce an overall positive impact on the surrounding environment. CSR helps the organization succeed in balancing its business goals and its impact on the environment. It is becoming vital for organizations to adopt environment-friendly ways of working, which not only lessens their negative impacts but also gives back to the community in general. However, despite CSR being a very significant issue, Lebanese companies, organizations and service industries are not quite embracing it as a fundamental part of their business plan. Failing to realize the authentic significance of CSR in the community and the low awareness levels about the topic will eventually have negative results on the companies themselves. Moreover, CSR is still a not well-comprehended term in Lebanese society as its benefits are vague and unclear. This research is an exploratory and quantitative study using a survey questionnaire distributed to a convenient sample of Lebanese managers and employees working in 5 different service industries in Lebanon. The purpose is to assess what motivates companies in Lebanon to adopt CSR strategies. Accordingly, the research also seeks to highlight people's awareness about CSR which in turn forces these companies to engage in CSR activities that will lead to a win-win situation. The outcomes may serve as eye openers and may shed light on important facts to be considered for further research or policy planning.
Organizations are spending quality time to build their Intellectual Capital by attracting people with talent; a caliber that has become a valuable asset in the business world, especially since talented people are difficult to find. Intellectual Capital is the knowledge that individuals put into advantage in their respective companies; as such, it is an organizational competitive advantage and helps in value creation. The Human Resources Department creates value for these organizations by coming up with effective humanresource related solutions and creative ideas for dealing with and retaining people who have the right talent. To achieve the aforementioned, employees' qualifications have to be evaluated in terms of knowledge, skills, education, in addition to future potentials and ability to cope with change. Consequently, organizations have become interested in developing their human capital by developing their employees' knowledge, applied experience, enterprise process, customer relationships, and professional skills. This paper discusses "Intellectual Capital" as a modern HR concept that has influenced business processes and plans. It aims at exploring and assessing the extent of awareness of such concept, current challenges it faces, its future, and also the different views and thoughts regarding it. In addition, the research focuses on how to exploit and retain Intellectual Capital and identifies the financial and non-financial organizational benefits gained by employees. The research is exploratory and explanatory, quantitative in nature using a survey questionnaire responded by 258 Lebanese employees and managers working in different business sectors. Collected data are evaluated statistically through computer software SPSS-22. Findings are used to support existing managerial practices and policies for better retention practices and management of Lebanese human resources.
Today, marketing has become highly competitive across the industry, and understanding consumers' behavior has become a challenging task for the marketers. In strategic marketing planning, consumer behavior is an integral part of said process as the consumer plays the role of the user, the buyer and the payer. The behavior of the consumers changes as the factors that affect the consumer's behavior change. The goal of this research is to examine the effect of education on consumers' impulsive buying behavior. Data is collected using a 30-question questionnaire to test the respondents' impulsive buying behavior, their attitude to impulsive buying, and their education level and Emotional Intelligence. The sample size is 200, of which 184 are valid. Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) is used to analyze the acquired data to discern the correlation between the level of education and impulsive buying behavior.
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