The instrumentation of nuclear reactors is designed based on the reliability, redundancy and diversification of control systems. The monitoring of the parameters is of crucial importance with regard to the operational efficiency and safety of the installation. Since the first criticality of a nuclear reactor, achieved by Fermi et al. in 1942, there has been concern about the reliable monitoring of the parameters involved in the chain reaction. This paper presents the current stage of the system of simulation, which is under development at the CDTN, which intends to simulate the operation of the Triga IPR-R1 nuclear reactor, involving the evolution of neutron flux and reactor power related events. The system will be developed using LabVIEW® software, using the modern concept of virtual instruments (VIs) that are visualized in a video monitor. For the implementation of this model, computational tools and systems analysis are necessary, which help and facilitate the implementation of the simulator. In this article we will show some of these techniques and the initial design of the model to be implemented. The design of a computational system is of great importance, since it guides in the implementation stages and generates the documentation for later maintenance and updating of the computational system. It is noteworthy that the innovations developed in research reactors are normally used in power reactors. The relatively low costs enable research reactors to be an excellent laboratory for developing techniques for future reactors.
Simulação da partida de reator nuclear de pesquisa utilizando instrumentos virtuais Startup simulation of nuclear research reactor using virtual instruments ResumoEste artigo descreve o sistema digital desenvolvido para simulação da evolução temporal das variáveis relacionadas ao fluxo neutrônico de reator nuclear de pesquisa TRIGA IPR-R1, do Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear (CDTN). Foi utilizado o software LabVIEW ® , que emprega o moderno conceito de instrumentos virtuais por meio de processador eletrônico e interface visual em monitor de vídeo. O objetivo é auxiliar no treinamento dos estudantes de engenharia nuclear e operadores de reatores, permitindo observar e analisar o comportamento e a tendência de alguns dos processos que acontecem em um reator nuclear. Deste modo, os parâmetros de operação do reator podem ser simulados e seus relacionamentos visualizados, auxiliando no entendimento de como essas variáveis estão interligadas e se comportam. O sistema possibilitará o estudo de parâmetros que afetam a operação do reator sem a necessidade de usar a instalação. O sistema, além de simular, poderá também monitorar o comportamento de todas as variáveis operacionais da instalação. Palavras-chave: Parâmetros neutrônicos. LabVIEW AbstractThis paper describes the digital system developed to simulate the temporal evolution of variables related to the neutron flux of the IPR-R1 TRIGA nuclear research reactor at Nuclear Technology Development Center (CDTN). The system was developed using the LabVIEW ® software that uses the modern concept of virtual instruments by electronic processor and visual interface in video monitor. The goal is to help the nuclear engineering students and reactor operators training, allowing to observe and analyze the behavior and the trend of some processes occurring in a nuclear reactor. Thus, the reactor operation parameters can be simulated and their relations can be visualized, helping in understanding how these variables are interconnected and behave. The system will enable the study of factors affecting the operation of the reactor without the need to use the facility. The system besides simulating can also monitor the behavior of all operational parameters of the installation.
Nuclear Technology Development Center (CDTN) offers the Training Course for Research Reactor Operator (Ctorp). This course is offered since 1974 and about 250 nuclear professionals were certificated by CDTN. Thus, a digital simulation system for the IPR-R1 Triga research reactor was developed to be a tool for teaching, training and recycling professionals. The simulator was developed using the LabVIEW® (Laboratory Virtual Instruments Engineering Workbench), with support calculation software, where mathematical models and graphical interface configurations form a friendly platform, which allows the trainee to be identified with the physical systems of the research reactor. A simplified modeling of the main physical phenomena related to the operation of the reactor and the reactivity control systems, reactor cooling and reactor protection was used. The digital simulator allows an HMI (Human-Machine Interaction) by manipulating system variables and monitoring trends in quantities during the operation of the reactor, showing an interactive tool for teaching, training and recycling for professionals in the IPR-R1 Triga nuclear research, allowing simulations of the start, power and stop operations. This paper presents the design and results of the user visual interfaces developed for the reactor operation simulator. This is the equivalent part of structured text programming and, therefore, the most significant part of the developed simulator.
The training, research, isotopes, general atomics (Triga) research reactor of the nuclear technology development center (CDTN) is used in research and training of nuclear reactor operators. Operational variables are shown in analogue and digital indicators on the control console. Operators manually register the most important parameters of the operation. The control console uses discrete electronic components and the logic of operation is performed by relays. The CDTN is in the process of adopting international organization for standardization (ISO) standards in their laboratories to show reliability of their results [1].
Este artigo faz parte de um trabalho em desenvolvimento no Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear - CDTN, que pretende simular a operação do reator nuclear de pesquisa Triga IPR-R1 através do software LabVIEW®. Nesta etapa do projeto tem-se por objetivo a implementação das equações, que regem a operação do reator em função da evolução do fluxo de nêutrons, entre outros eventos relacionados. Estas equações serão implementadas através dos instrumentos virtuais (VI’s), fornecidos pela plataforma utilizada. Por exemplo, a equação de Inhour, que relaciona período e reatividade do reator, já foi implementada e validada. Ao final desta etapa do projeto todos os eventos relacionados à equação de Inhour, além das equações que simulam o comportamento da temperatura e da radiação em diferentes regiões do reator, devem estar operando. O mesmo será feito para as equações das barras de Regulação, Controle e Segurança, que inserem cents de reatividade em função da posição destas dentro do núcleo do reator. Uma vez finalizada esta etapa, segue-se para a conexão entre a interface visual e as equações encontradas, para que as primeiras simulações possam ser feitas.
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