Gender was associated with changes in CL/F and V(d) /F whereas the pharmaceutical formulation was associated with changes in F and altered the K(a) . The validation data set showed that the model could be used in clinical practice for Bayesian dose adjustment of RIF in TB patients.

Pain-induced functional impairment in the rat (PIFIR) is a model of inflammatory and arthritic pain similar to that of clinical gout. Nociception is induced by the intra-articular injection of uric acid into the right hind limb, inducing its dysfunction. Animals then receive analgesic drugs and the recovery of functionality over time is assessed as an expression of antinociception. We have examined the role of peripheral prostaglandins synthesized by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in inflammatory pain using the PIFIR model. Rofecoxib (a selective COX-2 inhibitor) and SC-560 (a selective COX-1 inhibitor) both produced dose-dependent effects. When the inhibitors were administered before uric acid, they showed similar potency, but the antinociceptive efficacy of SC-560 was lower than rofecoxib; the best antinociceptive effects were obtained with the dose of 100 microg/articulation of each inhibitor (pre-treatment). In post-treatment (inhibitors administered after the uric acid), rofecoxib showed the least antinociceptive effect and SC-560 was more potent than rofecoxib. The inhibition of both COX-1 and COX-2 produced a more profound analgesic effect than the inhibition of either COX-1 or COX-2 alone. The present data support the idea that both COX isoforms contribute to the development and maintenance of local inflammatory nociception. Thus, it could be expected that inhibition of both COX-1 and COX-2 is required for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)-induced antinociception in the rat. These findings suggest that the therapeutic effects of NSAIDs may involve, at least in part, inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2.

The genomic structure of the human CD94 gene was obtained by analyzing genomic clones obtained from two different libraries. The CD94 gene contains six exons separated by five introns. The carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) is encoded by three exons, and the conservation of intron positions within the CRD indicated that CD94 is closely related to group V of C-type lectins. Primer extension and S1 nuclease protection assays showed that initiation of transcription in the CD94 gene is heterogeneous, but restricted to a 60 base pair region around the major initiation site enclosed within a putative initiator element (TTA+1TTCA). The study of the promoter region of CD94 may help to understand the selective expression of this C-type lectin glycoprotein on NK cells and subsets of cytotoxic T cells.

retention time was assigned the dl structure (see Results): nmr (CDC1.) 8 7.3-6.8 (m, 5) and 4.0 (m, l);24 mp 73-75°.

Podoplanin and CD44 are transmembrane glycoproteins involved in inflammation and cancer. In this paper, we report that podoplanin is coordinately expressed with the CD44 standard (CD44s) and variant (CD44v) isoforms in vivo—in hyperplastic skin after a pro-inflammatory stimulus with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)—and in vitro—in cell lines representative of different stages of mouse-skin chemical carcinogenesis, as well as in human squamous carcinoma cell (SCC) lines. Moreover, we identify CD44v10 in the mouse-skin carcinogenesis model as the only CD44 variant isoform expressed in highly aggressive spindle carcinoma cell lines together with CD44s and podoplanin. We also characterized CD44v3-10, CD44v6-10 and CD44v8-10 as the major variant isoforms co-expressed with CD44s and podoplanin in human SCC cell lines. Immunofluorescence confocal microscopy experiments show that these CD44v isoforms colocalize with podoplanin at plasma membrane protrusions and cell–cell contacts of SCC cells, as previously reported for CD44s. Furthermore, CD44v isoforms colocalize with podoplanin in chemically induced mouse-skin SCCs in vivo. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments indicate that podoplanin physically binds to CD44v3-10, CD44v6-10 and CD44v8-10 isoforms, as well as to CD44s. Podoplanin–CD44 interaction is mediated by the transmembrane and cytosolic regions and is negatively modulated by glycosylation of the extracellular domain. These results point to a functional interplay of podoplanin with both CD44v and CD44s isoforms in SCCs and give insight into the regulation of the podoplanin–CD44 association.

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El objetivo del trabajo fue analizar la percepción del apoyo familiar al aprendizaje en 79 alumnos de 6to grado con aptitud intelectual superior de tres contextos educativos (escuela urbana pública y privada, y rural indígena) en Morelos, México. Los alumnos respondieron la prueba SAGES-2 (Johnson & Corn, 2001) y el Cuestionario de Apoyo Familiar de Bazán& Domínguez (2009). Solamente se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los contex- tos analizados en la percepción de la comunicación regular con maestros relacionada con la materia Español, que fue percibida con mayor frecuencia en el contexto de la escuela privada, respecto al público indígena, independientemente del área de capacidades detectada. Se enfatiza la urgencia de investigar las variables del contexto socioeconómico y familiar para la comprensión de la manifestación, desarrollo y educación de las altas capacidades en alumnos de entornos culturales diferentes.