A review article is based on current foreign sources. The level of cytokines in the peripheral blood can be increased in many diseases, but in some cases there may be an excess of their normal concentration in tens, hundreds or more times with the development of a peculiar clinical picture, which is based on a systemic inflammatory reaction. In the literature this condition has received the figurative name «cytokine storm», which highlights an extremely violent reaction of the immune system with an unknown (often unfavorable) outcome. Close attention of the scientific world and the public to the problem of extremely high levels of cytokines in the peripheral blood (hypercytokinemia) was drawn due to the high frequency of the cytokine storm in the novel coronavirus infection.
Quarantine measures cannot comprehensively prevent further spread of SARS-CoV-2, as they do not involve the inner mechanisms of antiviral protection; thus, it is necessary to consider other prophylactic methods of contamination and development of severe forms of COVID-19. Low levels of vitamin D in blood determine a more unfavorable course of the disease and are associated with a large number of lethal outcomes of COVID-19. Also, low levels of this vitamin correlate with higher vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2. Meta analysis of 25 randomized studies showed that intake of vitamin D reliably reduces the risk of ARVI contamination by 12% on average and also reduces the risk of repeated ARVI contamination in persons having at least one ARVI episode in a year. It is essential to use the available methods of CO VID-19 prophylactics, one of which is adequate provision with vitamin D.
A review article is based on current foreign sources. The level of cytokines in the peripheral blood can be increased in many diseases, but in some cases there may be an excess of their normal concentration in tens, hundreds or more times with the development of a peculiar clinical picture, which is based on a systemic inflammatory reaction. In the literature this condition has received the figurative name «cytokine storm», which highlights an extremely violent reaction of the immune system with an unknown (often unfavorable) outcome. Close attention of the scientific world and the public to the problem of extremely high levels of cytokines in the peripheral blood (hypercytokinemia) was drawn due to the high frequency of the cytokine storm in the novel coronavirus infection.
Since the Spanish flu in 1918, there has not been such a large-scale pandemic, causing significant damage to the economy of Russia and other countries, as the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, which began in December 2019. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is highly infectious and can proceed both asymptomatic and in an extremely severe form, especially in the presence of comorbidity. Despite the fact that the clinical picture is associated with respiratory syndrome, long-term neurological symptoms are increasingly observed. In this study, we tried to find out the most pronounced and long-lasting neurological symptoms in the first 6 months after the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. An important role in the rehabilitation process of this group of patients is played by the strategy of neurocytoprotection, which is aimed at preventing and reducing neuronal damage by affecting the cellular mechanisms of neuroregeneration and cerebral reorganization, which leads not only to structural and metabolic, but also to functional recovery.
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