<p><span>Many future studies have been developed by scientists today in the form of methods, models, strategies, and techniques in improving student learning outcomes that are oriented to psychology and the development of students' intelligence. One of the latest innovations in learning offered in this study is the homogeneity psycho cognition (HPC) strategy. The research objective was to develop the latest learning strategies in physical education, sports, and health learning. This development research uses a 4D model consisting of four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate to produce products in the form of an HPC learning strategy. This study involved 115 elementary school students in several sample schools in Ambon City as participants. This study found that the HPC learning strategy had been developed following the relevant development directions and procedures. The validation of the HPC strategy by experts indicates that the HPC strategy is feasible to implement with due regard to minor revisions. The results of small and medium-scale trials show that the HPC strategy can improve student learning outcomes.</span></p>
Science learning in elementary schools using the PBL learning model can grow students' higher-order thinking skills, such as problem-solving and creative thinking skills. The purpose of correlational research was to analyze the relationship between problem-solving and creative thinking skills of elementary school students through the implementation of PBL. The predictor variables and criteria in the research were in the form of problem-solving and creative thinking skills, respectively. The population of this study was the fifth-grade elementary school students, totaling 120 students. This study’s sample was 33 students. The data retrieval used problem-solving and creative thinking skills tests on the concept of the human circulatory system. The data analysis was performed by linear regression. The results showed a correlation between creative thinking and problem-solving skills in learning with PBL. There is a strong relationship between problem-solving and creative thinking skills through PBL. The predictor variable contributed 37.8% to the criterion variable. This study recommends that it is essential to familiarize PBL in elementary schools learning to improve students' higher-order thinking skills.
The correlation between emotional intelligence and learning outcomes of elementary school students in physical education is still minimal. Therefore, a deeper exploration in this study is carried out to reveal it. This study aims to analyze the correlation between emotional intelligence and students' physical education learning outcomes in elementary schools. This correlational study aims to analyze the relationship between emotional intelligence and elementary school students' learning outcomes in physical education. The ANOVA correlation between emotional intelligence and physical education learning outcomes shows a significance value of 0.224, greater than alpha 0.05. It means that there is no correlation between emotional intelligence and students’ cognitive learning outcomes in physical education subjects. Factors that contribute to the absence of a relationship between emotional intelligence and learning outcomes include implementing online learning that is less than optimal because it is not supported by adequate facilities and learning participation by all students. The other factors are reduced or limited interaction between students and the learning environment, the economic burden that causes parents’ emotional problem that impacts children's emotions. The contribution of emotional intelligence to the achievement of learning outcomes, especially in physical education subjects, is as much as 2%, and other factors contribute as much as 98%.
TGT cooperative type learning, as a game-based learning methodology, provides opportunities for students to develop skills in group interactions in small groups and work together with others. The world of learning today needs phenomena like this. This study aimed to determine the effect of the TGT cooperative type learning model on students' cognitive learning outcomes on the topic of relay running. This quantitative study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. The samples involved were 70 students from two different experimental and control classes. The data collection instrument in this study was 10 essay test questions validated and tested. The results showed an effect of the TGT cooperative type learning model on students' cognitive learning outcomes. The achievement test score for the TGT group was 81.67, while the control group was 75.75. It implies that the TGT group performed superior in cognitive learning outcomes when compared to the control group. Thus, it is concluded that the TGT cooperative type learning model can be recommended in improving students' cognitive learning outcomes on the concept of relay running.
Volleyball is an interesting sport that can be played by many people in the world. Recently, volleyball matches have become an interesting spectacle that can be seen directly or through television program or youtube channels. Therefore, it is necessary to search for talented volleyball players. The purpose of this study was to implemented the talent identification model to identify young talented students in volleyball. Subjects of this study were 300 elementary students who active in the physical education with minimum height 150 cm, aged between 11 to 13 years olds. All subjects were measured for body mass, height, sitting height, standing reach, spam arm, and leg length. Subjects were also tested for vertical jump with 1 leg, vertical jump with 2 legs, shuttle run, multistage fitness test, flexibility, throw and catch tennis ball. Volleyball talent identification equation model's by Kusnanik 2014 was used to analyzed the data. Results of the study showed that there was 23 students who were identified as young students elementary school in volleyball (9 female students and 14 male students). It can be concluded that model of talent identification in volleyball can be used as an alternative method to identify young talented students in volleyball.
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