ElsevierBenajes Calvo, JV.; Novella Rosa, R.; Pastor Enguídanos, JM.; Hernández-López, A.; Hasegawa, M.; Tsuji, N.; Emi, M.... (2016) 6-1, Yokohama (Japan) 10 Jordi Martorell, Marcos Alonso
11Nissan Technical Centre Europe-Spain
12Zona franca sector 080540, Barcelona (Spain)
14Abstract 15 The research in the field of internal combustion engines is currently driven by the needs of decreasing
32The results confirmed the limited benefits, in terms of fuel consumption, around 2%, with constant NOx 33 emission achieved when optimizing the engine hardware, while keeping air management and injection 34 settings. Thus, including air management and injection settings in the optimization is mandatory to 35 significantly decrease the fuel consumption, by around 5%, while keeping the emission limits. 36 37 38
A genetic algorithm optimization methodology is applied to the design of the combustion system of a heavy-duty diesel engine fueled with dimethyl ether (DME). The optimization includes the key combustion system related hardware, bowl geometry and injection nozzle design, together with the most relevant air management and injection settings. The GA was linked to the KIVA computational fluid dynamics code and an automated grid generation tool to perform a singleobjective optimization. The optimization target focused on maximizing efficiency, while keeping NOx emissions, peak pressure and maximum pressure rise rate under the baseline engine levels. This research work not only provides the optimum combustion system definition, but also the cause-effect relation between the inputs and outputs under investigation, identifying the most relevant parameters controlling the performance of a DME fueled engine. Piston bowl geometry is found to primarily influence heat transfer and combustion efficiency due to its impact on the surface area and fuel distribution, respectively. Mixing is most affected by the injection system parameters. Finally, the optimum DME engine configuration provides 6.9% absolute net indicated efficiency improvement over the baseline engine fueled with DME. This study confirms the potential of DME as a promising fuel for the future generation of compression ignition engines and demonstrates the need to co-optimize the fuel and combustion system.
IntroducciónEl pepino de mar Parastichopus parvimensis (Clark 1913) es un equinodermo de la clase Holothuroidea, orden Aspidochirota, representada por la familia Stichopodiidae. Se distribuye desde Monterey Bay, California, EUA, hasta Bahía Tortugas, Baja California Sur, México. Habita aguas templadas, desde zonas someras hasta 40 m de profundidad, sobre fondos rocosos, pedregosos y arenosos, en donde promueve cambios fisicoquímicos por la ingestión del sedimento y por el enriquecimiento del sustrato por sus deposiciones (Yingst 1976(Yingst , 1982
AbstractThe reproduction of the sea cucumber Parastichopus parvimensis was studied from
Introducción A pesar de que la pesquería del calamar gigante (Dosidicus gigas, D'Orbingy 1835) en México data desde 1974, la abundancia de este recurso es tan variable que no fue hasta 1995 cuando la pesquería se estableció de forma permanente en la región central del Golfo de California (Klett 1996). Desde entonces esta pesquería se ha convertido en una importante fuente de empleos e ingresos económicos, por lo que la
An optimization methodology based on a genetic algorithm coupled with the KIVA computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code is applied to the design of a combustion system of a heavy-duty diesel engine fueled with dimethyl ether (DME) and working with stoichiometric combustion in order to equip the system with a three way catalyst (TWC) to control the NOx emissions. The target of the optimization is to improve net indicated efficiency (NIE) while keeping NOx emissions, peak pressure and pressure rise rate under the reference engine levels. The results of the study provide an optimum configuration that offers a 0.6% NIE improvement while satisfying the restrictions and offering NOx values lower than 1% of the original emissions. Due to the methodology, not only the optimum combustion system configuration is presented, but also the cause-effect relation of the most relevant inputs with the optimization outputs are identified and analyzed. The new geometry shape reduced heat transfer losses by minimizing the surface area. Injection pressure and swirl proved to be key parameters necessary to overcome the increased mixing requirements of stoichiometric operation. EGR was found to simultaneously increase NIE while controlling NOx emissions. The results show the potential of stoichiometric compression ignition operation using DME as a promising pathway to maintain diesel-like efficiency, while achieving near zero NOx and soot emissions.
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