Abstract. Tuheteru FD, Husna, Albasri, Arif A, Wulan SA, Kramadibrata K. 2019. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with adaptive plants in gold mine tailing. Biodiversitas 20: 3398-3404. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are fungi from division Glomeremycota within the kingdom Fungi, which have a broad ecological range and symbiosis with a variety of vegetations, including vegetations in gold post-mining areas or gold tailings. The study of identifying types of AMF in gold tailings in Southeast Sulawesi is still limited. The purpose of this study was to identify the types of AMF in the rhizosphere of adaptive plants in gold tailings land in Bombana District, Southeast Sulawesi. Soil samples were collected from adaptive plants in Perseroan Terbatas (PT) Panca Logam Makmur, Bombana District, Southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. AM Fungi spores were isolated and identified based on their morphological characteristics (shape, size, color, attached hyphae, and spore ornamentation). Five types of AMF were identified, namely Glomus aggregatum, Sclerocystis sinuosa, Acaulospora scrobiculata, A. tuberculata, Scutellospora pellucida, and two genera that had not been identified up to species, Glomus sp. and Scutellospora sp. In addition to spores, the symbiosis of AM Fungi with adaptive plants was also demonstrated by the structure of AM Fungi in plant roots with a rate of 74% colonization. S. pellucida and S. sinuosa were recorded as new species in Indonesia and Sulawesi, respectively. While A. tuberculata is a type of AMF that enriches AMF diversity in Southeast Sulawesi.
Clean water is an unlimited and sustainable need that must be fulfilled every day and meet an appropriate standard in terms of quantity and quality. The research objective in this study was to analyze the quality of water in thirty freshwater springs and twenty four brackish springs in the karst area of Buton Tengah Regency to achieve sustainable water resource management. Data on the quality of freshwater springs and brackish water springs chemically and biologically have been analyzed in the biology laboratory of FMIPA Universitas Halu Oleo, then the results are compared with the standards for water quality contained in the regulations of the Minister of Health and Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia. The results showed that the freshwater springs in Talaga Raya District exceeded the water quality standards for hardness parameter, while the brackish springs in Mawasangka Tengah, Mawasangka Timur, Lakudo, and Mawasangka Districts has exceeded the water quality standards for parameters of total dissolved solids, hardness, and chloride. However, these parameters are relatively easy to overcome so that the use of freshwater springs can qualify as drinking water, while the use of brackish springs should be used to meet domestic non-drinking water needs.
Gold mining activities have a huge impact on the environment in terms of physical, chemical and biological conditions, such as nutrient-poor soil, low soil pH and toxic soil due to high metal content, low water holding capacity, low organic matter content and unstable land conditions. Mining activities usually are operated by companies and communities. The purpose of conducting this study was to determine vegetation composition in gold post-mining land managed by the Community Gold Post-Mining Land and PT Panca Logam Nusantara in Bombana Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted in October 2020. The method used in this study was plotted path method, carried out by placing transects by purposive sampling technique. Transects were systematically arranged with a between-transects distance of 50 m. The vegetation analysis showed that 39 plant species were found in the gold post-mining land operated by a community with the highest INP value of 26.35% and Diversity Index Value of 2.85 for Sporobolus jacquemontii Kunth. In the gold post-mining land used by PT Panca Logam Nusantara, 26 plant species were found with the highest IVI 32.05% and Diversity Index Value of 2.55.
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