Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by inadequate insulin secretion by pancreas or the lack in ability of the present insulin to function properly. Hence, diabetes forms a fertile media for several diseases and represents a greater risk on human-being health. Over decades, several strategies for management of diabetes have been tried by specialists, of which medical, herbal, and even live style modification has been tried.Although diabetes mellitus represents a global growing epidemic disease, Till the moment there is no absolute solution at molecular level that targeting the disease. It's well known that commensal bacteria have an un-neglectable role in bode metabolism since infancy both in healthy and diseased patients. On a clinical base when we studied beneficial role of probiotics at cellular level in animals. It was proved in many studies the beneficial role of probiotic for people with DM; nevertheless, further prospective interventional research, mostly using human models, are required to fully understand the impact of probiotic use in diabetic patients. Indeed, we need to test the probability of probiotics usage in the outpatient clinic. As Based on our reliable understanding the beneficial role of probiotics in patients with diabetes mellites specially at the level of cell, both in clinical trials and animal studies, in addition to their excellent tolerability. Also, probiotics have proved their ability to decrease insulin and fasting blood glucose level in diabetic patients in a preclinical setting and in human trials. Recently, probiotics are used in a multiple diseases like inflammation, allergic reactions, and autoimmune diseases. However, the heterogeneity in these studies is high. For example, species used, the dose of probiotic used, and the magnitude of efficacy.In our review, we focused on reviewing the relation between probiotics and troubled metabolism of our body sugar.
One of the extremely critical challenges in reproductive health is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It affects 9-18% of reproductive-agedwomen and it is prevalent in approximately 80% of infertile anovulatory women. Menstrual disruption, infertility, and pregnancy troubles are the most common reproductive issues linked with PCOS. Regarding management, studies discussing pharmaceutical treatments for reproductive outcomes are still inadequate. To review the published literature in order to evaluate the diagnosis and the management of PCOS. For choosing of articles the PubMed database was employed with the following specifications (("polycystic ovary syndrome"[Mesh]) AND ("management" [Mesh]) OR ("diagnosis"[Mesh])). Physician awareness, understanding, and alertness to the likelihood of PCOS diagnosis are the most important factors in the diagnosis. Regarding PCOS management, there is no general treatment for PCOS, therefore treatment must always be customized to the specific needs of each patient. A multidisciplinary team delivering patient-centered treatment is the best way to treat a PCOS case. The initial treatment for PCOS patients ought to be a change in way of life. Metformin is the most widely prescribed medicine for these individuals' metabolic management. It is also thought that inositol treatment might be an option for improvement of metabolism in PCOS women who cannot take metformin. Moreover, oral contraceptives ought to be contemplated for the control of irregular menses and/or medical hyperandrogenism in teenagers with a PCOS diagnostic.
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