D(f) is a novel means of quantifying microvascular branching that independently predicted 14-year CHD mortality. These findings suggest that suboptimal microvascular branching may play a role in development of clinical cardiovascular disease.
Both nonlinear orthogonal projection and curvature-based retinal vessel segmentation methods were found to be sensitive to variations in image brightness, resulting from iris shadowing associated with different angle of photographic incidence.
Variations in image brightness, focus, and contrast can significantly affect the measurement of retinal vascular fractals. Standardization of image parameters and consistent use of either monochrome or color images would reduce measurement noise and enhance the comparability of the results.
Introduction: In this study we assessed the testretest reliability of a Rydel-Seiffer tuning fork and an electronic vibrameter with hand-held and fixed probes. Methods: Fifty healthy volunteers were assessed twice in the upper and lower limb 15 minutes apart. Reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM). The effect of stimulus parameters on vibration disappearance threshold (VDT) was assessed by analysis of variance. Results: All 3 tools showed good reliability (ICCs = 0.65-0.95). Vibrameter recordings with the fixed probe showed high variability. The vibrameter was more sensitive in detecting body-site and age differences in vibration thresholds than the tuning fork. Significantly higher VDT was observed when higher starting amplitudes and slower rates of change were used. Discussion: The handheld vibrameter is a superior tool to monitor vibration sense. The stimulus amplitude and rate of change are important to control as they alter VDT.
Muscle Nerve 59:229-235, 2019Additional supporting information may be found in the online version of this article.
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