The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among measures of rowing performance and selected descriptive, field, and laboratory variables. Rowing performance of 20 intercollegiate oarswomen was assessed using a 2,500-m time test on a Concept II rowing ergometer, the rower's competitive experience, and the coach's ranking of the rowers. The oarswomen also underwent standardized descriptive tests including anthropometric measurements, field tests including 90-s rowing ergometer distance and weight lifting tests, and laboratory tests including VO2max and isokinetic knee extensor strength tests. Rowing ergometer times were highly related to competitive experience (rho = -0.86; p < 0.01) and coach's ranking (rho = 0.87; p < 0.01). VO2max was the only other variable to produce correlations greater than 0.71 with rowing performance. Although most of the correlations observed in the present study were poor to modestly high, they do document and quantify relationships, and suggest that training and testing techniques should be modified to be more rowing specific and that their usefulness with respect to positive transfer and prediction should be examined.
The purpose of this study was to compare standard (S-weight plus rowing ergometer training) and standard plus plyometric (S+P-weight plus rowing ergometer training, plus plyometric exercises) programs on sport-specific and non sport-specific tests. Twenty-four female rowers completed the weight training or the weight training plus plyometric exercises three times per week and rowing ergometer training four times per week, 1 hr per session for 9 wks. Analysis of variance tests were used to compare S (n = 11; 5 novice and 6 experienced rowers) and S+P (n = 13; 7 novice and 6 experienced rowers) programs on the following sport-specific tests: 1) time to row 2,500 m and 2) distance rowed in 90 s; and on the following non sport-specific tests: 1) leg press, 1 RM, 2) leg press endurance, 3) bench pull 1 RM, 4) bench pull endurance, 5) vertical jump, 6-9) isokinetic knee extensor peak and average power during concentric and eccentric muscle actions and 10) angle of occurrence of peak torque during concentric muscle actions (isokinetic knee extension). Although experienced oarswomen scored significantly higher than did novice oarswomen on eight of 12 tests (p < 0.04), both levels of rower responded similarly to training. No significant differences were observed post-training between the S and S+P training programs (p > 0.05). These results do not discount the value of plyometric exercises, but indicate that the jump exercises used offered no advantages to intercollegiate oarswomen.
Laterality difference in strength characterize some sports and occupations. The purposes of this study were to compare oarside and nonoarside knee extensor strength of intercollegiate rowers and to determine the relationship between joint-specific strength measures and rowing ergometer performance. Fifteen light-weight sweep oarsmen performed concentric-eccentric cycles with a five-second pause between muscle actions through the range of 90 degrees to 10 degrees flexion at angular velocities of 160 and 200 degrees /sec. Although the oarside knee extensors produced greater peak and average torques in seven of eight comparisons, only the peak torque during oarside concentric muscle actions at 160 degrees /sec angular velocity was significantly greater (p < 0.05), i.e., about six percent. Correlations between rowing ergometer scores and strength measurements were low (r = -0.26 to -0.43) and nonsignificant (p > 0.05). A tendency may exist for light-weight sweep rowers to develop greater strength in the oarside knee extensors. Unilateral and joint-specific tests may provide valuable comparative information to guide rehabilitation and training; however, these tests of knee extensor strength are poorly related to and should not be used as the only predictors of readiness to return to activity and rowing performance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 1991;14(5):213-219.
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