Prevalence of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and different levels of anxiety among college students* Prevalência da disfunção temporomandibular e de diferentes níveis de ansiedade em estudantes universitários
Doenças infecto-contagiosas têm estimulado pesquisas sobre acidentes ocupacionais e biossegurança entre profissionais da saúde de diferentes países. No Brasil, poucos são os estudos realizados na Odontologia. Este estudo objetivou identificar a prevalência de acidentes perfurocortantes e as medidas profiláticas pós-acidentes em duas Faculdades de Odontologia de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. A amostra se constituiu de 300 alunos do ciclo profissional, escolhidos aleatoriamente e entrevistados por um dos pesquisadores. Constatou-se que a prevalência de alunos acidentados nas duas instituições foi de 25,3%, com percentual mais elevado nos alunos do 8º ao 10º períodos (35,3%). Dos acidentados, 34,2% foram orientados por professores em relação às medidas profiláticas. A maioria (73,7%) se restringiu a lavar o ferimento com água e sabão. Apenas 13,2% procuraram serviço médico especializado em acidentes ocupacionais, no entanto, 88,7% classificaram o conhecimento que tinham acerca de medidas profiláticas pós-acidentes de razoável a bom. Os autores concluíram que um percentual ainda elevado de acadêmicos foi submetido à experiência de acidentes perfurocortantes, com potencial de contaminação biológica, fazendo-se necessário potencializar medidas profiláticas no intuito de minimizar tais circunstâncias deletérias à saúde daqueles envolvidos na assistência odontológica.
Este estudo objetivou pesquisar a relação entre alteração na Dimensão Vertical de Oclusão (DVO) e a possível presença de Disfunção Temporomandibular (DTM). Foram pesquisados 185 pacientes, atendidos na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. A idade dos pesquisados variou entre 18 e 65 anos, divididos em: Grupo I – com alteração da DVO e DTM; Grupo II – com alteração da DVO sem DTM; Grupo III – sem alteração da DVO com DTM; Grupo IV – sem alteração da DVO sem DTM. A presença de DTM foi detectada pelo Índice Anamnésico Simplificado DMF, classificando os pacientes em: Não DTM, DTM leve, moderada ou severa. A avaliação da DVO foi realizada pelos métodos de Lytle modificado por Tamaki e de Pleasure com averiguação do Espaço Funcional Livre (EFL), sendo classificada em: DVO normal (EFL de 2 a 4mm) ou alterada (diminuída-EFL > 4mm ou aumentada-EFL < 2mm). Utilizaram-se os testes estatísticos Qui-quadrado de Pearson e Exato de Fisher (α = 5%). Houve predominância na amostra do sexo feminino (80,5%), e das faixas etárias de 21-40 (41,6%) e 41-60 anos (49,2%). Obtiveram-se os seguintes valores de n: Grupo I – 62; Grupo II – 29; Grupo III – 62; e Grupo IV – 32. Alteração da DVO foi observada em 49,1% dos pacientes. A prevalência de DTM nos pacientes com alteração de DVO e sem alteração de DVO foi próxima, com 68,1% e 66,0%, respectivamente (p>0,05). Concluiu-se que, apesar da considerável prevalência de DTM nos pacientes com alteração da DVO, estas variáveis não apresentaram associação, não evidenciando relação entre alteração da DVO e presença de DTM.
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML /> <o:AllowPNG /> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Introduction: The Head and Brain Trauma (HBT) have a great potential to cause sequelae, therefore extremely important for the </span><span style="font-size: medium;">health professionals. Objective: The aim of this paper is to provide an epidemiological overview about HBT in a high complex </span><span style="font-size: medium;">health unit located in Recife, PE, Brazil. Methodology: Risk factors were divided in: Urban Violence (Road accidents, Running Over,</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">Firearm, Physical aggression and Melee weapon) and Non-Urban Violence (Falls, Accidental Trauma, Sports and others). Statistical </span><span style="font-size: medium;">analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential techniques, such as: Fisher exact test, Chi-square test, and likelihood-ratio </span><span style="font-size: medium;">test. The statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: HBT was present in 5.5%, predominantly between ages ranging of 0 to 19 </span><span style="font-size: medium;">years old (17.6%). In this amount, the male gender had higher values than female, being the most affected the age ranging from </span><span style="font-size: medium;">15 to 19 years, presenting a ration of 2.4:1. Concerning etiological factors, Non-urban-violence was present in 87.8%, occurring</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">predominance in age ranging from 0 to 1 year old (96.2%). Conclusion: It was found prevalence of accidents among the male </span><span style="font-size: medium;">gender, which is a constant observed also in several other studies, however, a more alarming factor is the high rate of accidents </span><span style="font-size: medium;">involving young children, being indispensable the parents necessity of work, they received only essential care, being under the</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 3.7pt; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: small;">tutelage of older brothers, neighbors, and even non-nuclear relatives.</span></p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves /> <w:TrackFormatting /> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:PunctuationKerning /> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas /> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> 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