The performance of supply chains used to be mainly the concern of academics and professionals who studied the potential efficiencies and risks associated with this aspect of globalisation. In 2021, major disruptions in this critical sector of our economies are making headlines and attracting the attention of policy makers around the world. Supply chain bottlenecks create shortages, fuel inflation, and undermine economic recovery. This report provides a transversal and multidisciplinary analysis of the challenges and opportunities regarding data interoperability and data sharing as they relate to the ‘Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Seaway Trade Corridor’ (GLSLTC)’s intermodal transportation and trade data strategy. The size and scope of this trade corridor are only matched by the complexity of its multimodal freight transportation systems and growing urbanization on both sides of the Canada-US border. This complexity is exacerbated by the lack of data interoperability and effective collaborations between the different stakeholders within the various jurisdictions and amongst them. Our analytical work relies on : 1) A review of the relevant documentation on the latest challenges to supply chains (SC), intermodal freight transport and international trade, identifying any databases that are to be used.; 2) A comparative review of selected relevant initiatives to give insights into the best practices in digital supply chains implemented in Canada, the United States, and the European Union.; 3) Interviews and discussions with experts from Transport Canada, Statistics Canada, the Canadian Centre on Transportation Data (CCTD) and Global Affairs Canada, as well as with CIRANO’s research community and four partner institutions to identify databases and data that they use in their research related to transportation and trade relevant data availabilities and methodologies as well as joint research opportunities. Its main findings can be summarized as follow: GLSLTC is characterized by its critical scale, complexity, and strategic impact as North America’s most vital trade corridor in the foreseeable further intensification of continental trade. 4% of Canadian GDP is attributed to the Transportation and Logistics sector (2018): $1 trillion of goods moved every year: Goods and services imports are equivalent to 33% of Canada’s GDP and goods and services exports equivalent to 32%. The transportation sector is a key contributor to the achievement of net-zero emissions commitment by 2050. All sectors of the Canadian economy are affected by global supply chain disruptions. Uncertainty and threats extend well beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic. “De-globalization” and increasing supply chains regionalization pressures are mounting. Innovation and thus economic performance—increasingly hinges on the quantity and quality of data. Data is transforming Canada’s economy/society and is now at the center of global trade “Transport data is becoming less available: Canada needs to make data a priority for a national transportation strategy.” * “How the Government of Canada collects, manages, and governs data—and how it accesses and shares data with other governments, sectors, and Canadians—must change.”
La création d’une chaîne d'approvisionnement intelligente est désormais une priorité de sécurité nationale urgente qui ne peut être réalisée sans la mobilisation conjointe différentes parties prenantes au Canada. Elle n’est cependant pas une finalité en soi : la réalisation d’un marché intérieur unique, compétitif, durable et axé sur les consommateurs devrait être le résultat ultime du chantier national nécessaire à la mise en œuvre collaborative des recommandations de trois rapports complémentaires de politiques publiques publiés en 2022 sur l’état de la chaine d’approvisionnement au Canada. Le défi de la chaîne d'approvisionnement est vaste, et il ne fera que se compliquer au fil du temps. Les gouvernements au Canada doivent agir ensemble dès maintenant, en conjonction avec les efforts de collaboration avec nos alliés et partenaires notamment les États-Unis et l’Union Européenne pour assurer la résilience les chaînes d'approvisionnement face à l’accélération des bouleversements, conflits géopolitiques, catastrophes naturelles actuels et anticipés. La position géostratégique du Québec représente un atout majeur et l’investit d’un rôle et d’une responsabilité critiques dans la mise en œuvre non seulement du Rapport final du groupe de travail national sur la chaine d’approvisionnement (« ACT »), mais aussi des recommandations contenues dans le rapport publié par le Conseil des ministres responsables des transports et de la sécurité routière (COMT) et celles contenues dans le rapport du Comité permanent de la Chambre des communes sur les transports, l'infrastructure et les collectivités publié à Ottawa en novembre 2022 , « Améliorer l’efficacité et la résilience des chaînes d’approvisionnement du Canada ». La démarche mobilisatrice vers un espace commun des données pour la chaine d’approvisionnement du Canada s’inspire de la vision à terme du corridor économique intelligent d’Avantage Saint-Laurent et repose sur l'expérience acquise grâce à différentes initiatives et programmes mis en œuvre au Canada, aux États-Unis et en Europe, et les intègre tel qu’approprié. Sa mise en œuvre dans une première étape dans le corridor commercial du Saint-Laurent Grands Lacs facilitera l’accès et le partage par la suite des données de l’ensemble de la chaine d’approvisionnement au Canada de manière fiable et sécurisée. Le développement conjoint accéléré d’un espace commun de données changera la donne non seulement dans la résolution des défis critiques de la chaine d’approvisionnement mais aussi dans l’impulsion qu’il générera dans la poursuite de priorités fondamentales au Canada dont celle de la transition énergétique. Ce rapport Bourgogne propose une synthèse en quatre volets : 1. Un survol d’un arrière-plan caractérisé par de nombreuses consultations, annonces de stratégies, mesures et des résultats mitigés. 2. Une analyse croisée des recommandations de trois rapports importants et complémentaires de politiques publiques au niveau fédéral ainsi que de la stratégie québécoise, l’Avantage Saint-Laurent. 3. Une analyse des enjeux fondamentaux de capacité de mobilisation, d’exécution et de sous-utilisation des données. 4. Quelques pistes de solutions opérationnelles pour passer au mode « Action -Collaboration et Transformation (ACT)
The creation of an intelligent supply chain is now an urgent national security priority that cannot be achieved without the joint mobilization of various stakeholders in Canada. It is not, however, an end in itself: the achievement of a single, competitive, sustainable, and consumer-focused domestic market should be the ultimate outcome of the national taskforce needed to collaboratively implement the recommendations of three complementary public policy reports published in 2022 on the state of the supply chain in Canada. The supply chain challenge is vast, and it will only become more complex over time. Governments in Canada must act together now, in conjunction with collaborative efforts with our allies and partners, notably the United States and the European Union, to ensure supply chain resilience in the face of accelerating current and anticipated upheavals, geopolitical conflicts and natural disasters. Québec's geostrategic position is a major asset, and gives it a critical role and responsibility in implementing not only the Final Report of the National Supply Chain Task Force ("ACT"), but also of the recommendations contained in the report published by the Council of Ministers Responsible for Transportation and Highway Safety (COMT) and those contained in the report of the House of Commons Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities published in Ottawa in November 2022, "Improving the Efficiency and Resilience of Canada's Supply Chains". The mobilizing approach towards a common data space for Canada's supply chain is inspired by Advantage St. Lawrence's forward-looking Smart Economic Corridor vision and builds on and integrates experience gained from various initiatives and programs implemented in Canada, the U.S. and Europe, as appropriate. Its initial implementation in the St. Lawrence - Great Lakes trade corridor will facilitate the subsequent access and sharing of data from across the Canadian supply chain in a reliable and secure manner. The accelerated joint development of a common data space is a game-changer not only in terms of solving critical supply chain challenges, but also in terms of the impetus it will generate in the pursuit of fundamental Canadian priorities, including the energy transition. This Bourgogne report offers a four-part synthesis: - An overview of a background characterized by numerous consultations, strategy announcements, measures, and mixed results. - A cross-analysis of the recommendations of three important and complementary public policy reports at federal level, as well as the Quebec strategy, “l'Avantage Saint-Laurent”. - An analysis of the fundamental issues of mobilization capacity, execution, and under-utilization of data. - Some operational solutions for moving into « Action, Collaboration and Transformation » (ACT) mode.
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