In this study, we aimed to review the demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of patients who were followed up and treated with the diagnosis of serum sickness-like reactions (SSLR) in our pediatric rheumatology clinic retrospectively and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment. The files of 29 patients who were hospitalized in the pediatric rheumatology clinic between September 2016 and March 2017 with the diagnosis of type 3 hypersensitivity reaction were reviewed retrospectively. Patient records including C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum electrolytes, blood glucose, urea, and liver function were recorded by using the computerized patient database. The gender, age, length of hospital stay, accompanying clinical findings, family history of atopy, preceding infection, and drug usage data were obtained from the files of the patients. Twenty-nine patients with the diagnosis of type 3 hypersensitivity reaction were evaluated. Fifteen (51.7%) of the patients were male and 14 (48.3%) were female. The male to female ratio was 1.07. The age distribution of patients ranged from 18 to 192 months (mean ± SD 100.66 ± 53.75 months). The hospitalization duration was 3-16 days (mean ± SD 5.14 ± 3.20 days). The use of many drugs, especially antibiotics, has increased even in the treatment of viral upper air way infections. As a result, side effects have also increased. The most important of these is SSLR. However, this disease is not well recognized by clinicians.

Background: Additional congenital anomalies have often been found in patients with neural tube defect (NTD). We aimed to find out the clinical features, short term prognosis, treatment approaches, and systemic anomalies of NTD patients in the Konya region. Method: A total of 186 newborn babies with NTD were retrospectively included in the study and all were assessed in detail for congenital anomalies and clinical features. Results: When the application month of the patients was examined, it was seen that the most frequent month was July. Of 186 babies, 101(54.3%) had meningomyelocele, 53 (28.5%) had meningocele, 13 (7.0%) had encephalocele, 16 (8.6%) had spina bifida occulta, and 4 (2.1%) had anencephaly. Of these patients, 97 (52.2%) were male and 89 (47.8%) were female. Hydrocephalus was an almost constant finding and was found in 140 (75.3%) patients. 51 (27.4%) patients had congenital heart disease (CHD). The most common CHD was atrial septal defect 22.3%. Orthopedic anomaly was detected in 51 (27.4%) patients, nephrological anomaly was found in 47 (25.3%) of the cases, congenital hypothyroidism was diagnosed in 14 (7.5%) patients with NTD. The mortality rate of patients diagnosed with NTD was 7.5%. The rates of premature delivery and consanguinity between parents were higher in patients with NTD. Conclusions: Our results indicate that at least one congenital anomaly is also present in about two-thirds of newborn babies with NTD, and these anomalies significantly increase their morbidity and mortality. All newborn babies with NTD should be screened for additional congenital anomalies and evaluated with more organized, multidisciplinary methods. K E Y W O R D Scongenital anomalies, congenital hypothyroidism, folic acid, hydrocephalus, neural tube defect

ObjectivesTen warning signs of primary immunodeficiency (PID) were suggested by the Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF), to increase physician awareness of PID. These warning signs have not yet been evaluated for patients with secondary immunodeficiency (SID). This study investigated whether the 10 warning signs used for the diagnosis of PID were also sufficient for the diagnosis of SID, and explored the possibility of additional signs.MethodsThis prospective study was conducted between June and December 2020. The mothers of 162 patients with PID and SID, and mothers of 200 healthy children, were asked to complete a questionnaire about family and personal history in addition to the warning signs of PID developed by the JMF. A JMF score was created by giving one point for each “Yes” answer for the 10 warning signs of PID. Medical records of the patients were evaluated for possible additional warning signs for PID and SID.ResultsThe JMF scores of the PID (3.36 ± 1.65) and SID (3.72 ± 1.12) groups were significantly higher than the scores of the control group (0.34 ± 0.61) (p < 0.05). A sign for immunological evaluation in two patients without warning signs in the PID group was found to be chronic diarrhea. In addition to the 10 JMF warning signs, we found that consanguinity and a family history of tuberculosis were statistically significant in our PID group, compared with the SID and control groups.ConclusionsThe JMF warning signs are important for early diagnosis of PID. Our study showed that these signs may also be used for the early diagnosis of SID in patients and, according to our results, in addition to the 10 JMF signs for PID, parental consanguinity, chronic diarrhea, and a family history of tuberculosis may also be considered warning signs for the early diagnosis of PID.

Giriş: Bu çalışmada çocuk acil polikliniğine zehirlenme nedeniyle kabul edilen hastaların demografik ve epidemiyolojik özelliklerini, klinik seyir, laboratuvar sonuçları ve prognozlarını geriye dönük olarak analiz etmeyi amaçladık. Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya 1 ay-18 yaşları arası zehirlenme nedeni ile başvuran 430 hasta alındı. Hastaların tıbbi verileri geriye dönük olarak dosya bilgilerine göre incelendi. Hastaların yaş, cinsiyet gibi demografik verileri, olayın oluş zamanı, başvuru zamanı, ilacın alınmasından sonra ilk tıbbi müdahaleye kadar geçen süre, zehirlenme nedeni, alınan etken madde, alım şekli, alınan etken madde sayısı, hastaneye başvuru şikayeti incelendi. Methods: This trial enrolled a total of 430 patients aged 1 month to 18 years. The medical data of the patients were reviewed retrospectively according to patient's medical record. Demographic data such as age, sex, time of occurrence, time of patient presentation to the emergency department, time to first medical intervention after taking the drug, cause of poisoning, received active substances, ways of taking, number of active substances received, and symptoms at admission to the hospital were analyzed. Results: The study population consisted of 0.74% of all patients who were admitted to the department of pediatric emergency. 243 (56.5%) patients were female and 187 (43.5%) were male. The age of the patients ranged from 4 months to 220 months (72.89±66.38). One hundred-thirteen (26.3%) of our patients were referred to our hospital in the summer, 111 (25.8%) in the spring, 110 (25.6%) in the autumn and 96 (22.3%) in the winter. Eighteen patients were admitted to our emergency department with poisoning in 2014, 193 in 2015, 178 in 2016 and 41 in 2017. 12.3% of our patients were referred to our emergency department between hours 00:00 and 08:00, 35.1% between 08:00 and 16:00 and 52.6% between 16:00 and 24:00. Ninety-six of the patients were admitted to our emergency department due to suicidal poisoning and 334 due to accidental poisoning. Nausea was present at the time of presentation in 142 (33.02%) of our patients, vomiting in 122 (28.37%) and dizziness in 102 (23.72%). Conclusion:We believe that determination of the epidemiological features of the poisonings in our country by large scale studies and public consciousness will contribute significantly to the prevention of childhood poisoning.

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Aim:In this study, we aimed to share the hearing screening results of newborns born in Konya Beyhekim Hospital and the risk factors in infants with hearing loss in the light of the current literature. Methods:In this study, the results of 13693 newborns who underwent hearing screening in our hospital between January 2011 and April 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. The hearing screening was performed by transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs). Auditory brainstem response (ABR) screening test was made in babies who failed the TEOAE test twice. The patients' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and risk factors were evaluated.Results: 10987 (80.2%) of 13693 newborns who underwent hearing screening have passed on the first TEOAE screening. 863 (38.5%) newborns have passed on the second TEOAE screening. 1134 (93.3%) newborns have passed on the ABR screening. 62 of 81 (0.6%) patients who have failed the ABR screening had no hearing loss. Thirteen of the newborns born in our hospital had hearing loss. Conclusion:As in many centers in our country, newborn hearing screening has become routine in our hospital. It is important to follow up newborns for determining the actual incidence and early diagnosis and treatment of hearing loss.

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Introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the clinical, laboratory and demographic characteristics of patients with THI who were admitted with the suspicion of recurrent infection and immunodeficiency. Methods: The study included 287 patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of transient hypogammaglobulinemia in infancy at