Objectives: In primary teeth, the clinical success of pulpectomy depends on the eradication of pathogenic microorganisms from the infected canals. Thus, this study was directed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of citric acid and chitosan in comparison with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on E. faecalis. Subjects and Methods: A total of 30 children aged between 4-7 years were included in the present study. The enrolled children had primary carious teeth that were indicated for pulpectomy treatment. The involved teeth were categorized into three main groups according to the type of irrigant solution; 6% citric acid (A), 6% chitosan (B), and 1% NaOCl (C). Then each main group was further subdivided into non-activated (A1, B1, and C1) or ultrasonic activated (A2, B2, and C2). E. faecalis count was carried out using a colony-forming unit (CFU). Results: All tested irrigants with and without activation showed a significant reduction in E. faecalis count. The ultrasonic activation significantly improves the antibacterial effect of the tested irrigant. In comparison between the tested irrigants, there was a significant difference. The higher reduction in E. faecalis count was recorded with 1% NaOCl followed by 6% chitosan. The use of 6% citric acid has a lower effect among the tested irrigants. Conclusion: Activation of irrigant solution significantly improves their antibacterial effect. chitosan has a significant effect on the reduction of E. faecalis count. Citric acid cannot be used alone as an irrigant solution.
Background; Trigeminal Neuralgia: It is a syndrome characterised by recurrent sudden & usually unilateral severe brief stabbing. One & more branches of 5th cranial nerve are causing pain. It is painful, brief experience. Pain can occur spontaneously & be triggered by innocuous stimuli like yawning, chewing, light touch, & other transmitted stimuli. & divided by different lengths of pain-free intervals, Aim and objectives; to assess effectiveness of Different Modalities in studied cases with trigeminal neuralgia, Subjects & methods; This research Was showed on group of 20 patients having trigeminal neuralgia manged by different modalities, percutaneous radiofrecuency, microvascular decompression, perephiral neurectomy and nerve block. This study was conducted on patients with variant ages at the time of diagnosis, presenting with trigeminal neuralgia, admitted and managed at neurosurgery- Functional unit -Faculty of medicine Al-Azhar University From 2017 To 2021, Result; The description of of radiologiucal findings by MRI FIESTA. The major finding was no loop compassing (50%) in patients followed by Arterial loop compassing trigeminal nerve (35%). Most of the patients had V1, V2, V3 affected in 70% of the patients, and 20% of the patients had V2, V3 affected, The major surgery done was Radiofrequency (40%) followed by MVD (30%).
Background: Anterior Corpus Callosotomy is a palliative treatment for drug-resistant generalized or multifocal epilepsy patients where focus excision is not an option for management. Callosotomy prevents propagation of epileptic discharge from one cerebral hemisphere to the other. Objective: To describe Al-Azhar University Hospitals experience and clinical outcome of Anterior Corpus Callosotomy for management of drug-resistant generalized epilepsy patients as an inexpensive palliative method. Patients and Methods: In this study, there are 15 patients admitted to Neurosurgery Department in Al-Azhar University Hospitals with drug-resistant generalized epilepsy. These patients were not candidates for lesionectomy. They were managed by anterior two thirds Corpus Callosotomy between February 2017 and December 2019. They were followed at outpatient clinic for at least 14 months. Clinical outcome regarding seizure control was assessed using Engel classification. Results: All 15 patients in this study underwent anterior two thirds corpus callosotomy and followed for at least 14 months. The post-operative improvement of seizure frequency has been evaluated using Engel outcome scale with 12 patients (80%) of the patients becoming Engel class II and 3 patients (20%) becoming Engel class III. Only 3 patients (20%) had minor transient postoperative complications; one patient (6.67%) had contra-lateral lower limb heaviness Grade 4 which was transient, one patient (6.67%) had contra-lateral lower limb Jacksonian focal fits and one patient (6.67%) had behavioral changes for one month. Conclusion: Corpus callosotomy is a palliative procedure and inexpensive method for management of patients with intractable focal with generalization and generalized drug-resistant epilepsy who are not suitable for resective surgery and with good outcome.
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