Prevalence of IgG antibodies to hepatitis E virus (IgG-anti-HEV) was determined among different animal species from India. Seropositivity varied from 4.4% to 6.9% in cattle, 54.6-74.4% in pigs and 2.1-21.5% in rodents. Of the 44 dogs screened, 10 were positive (22.7%). None of the 250 goat sera tested were found to be anti-HEV positive. Among rodents, over 50% serum samples collected in 1985 from Bandicota bengalensis were positive for anti-HEV antibodies. No evidence of HEV infection was obtained following experimental inoculation of an Indian strain (AKL-90) of HEV into anti-HEV negative pigs and goats. The results document varied prevalence of anti-HEV antibodies in different animal species from India and of inability of Indian pigs and goats to support replication of at least one human strain of HEV.

Introduction: CKD represents a progressive irreversible decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). A common phenomenon in renal failure is progressive renal function loss irrespective of the underlying cause of the kidney disease. Hypermagnesaemia is often associated with undetected renal impairment and excessive oral administration of magnesium containing drugs (e.g. laxatives or antacids) or with advanced CKD. The present study was conducted to assess serum magnesium levels in cases with chronic renal failure Material and Methods: It was observational study carried out at Tertiary Institute to assess the levels of serum magnesium in chronic renal failure patients. A total of 80 patients were selected by simple random sampling with chronic renal failure. Results: It was shown that majority of patients were male (58.75%). Majority of patients were having hypertension (60%) followed by diabetes mellitus (43.75%). The serum magnesium among patients showed that majority of patients presented with hypermagnesaemia and serum magnesium level was low in patients with dialysis. Conclusion: Serum magnesium is a worthwhile tool in assessing duration of disease, morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic renal failure.

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