Dynamic source routing protocol (DSR) is an on demand routing protocol that is deemed a suited reactive routing protocol for MANET. Mobile ad hoc network is composed of independent devices communicating with each other directly without the help of any constant infrastructure or centralized administration.In general some nodes in network cut off working because battery run out of power, therefore it is much important to preserve the energy. DSR suffers from energy depletion and that because DSR routing protocol doesn't take the term of energy consumption as a parameter into account at all. DSR routing protocol has main advantages to supply path and transmit data packets from source to destination but its disadvantage is transition energy which is forfeiture when the data packets are drop or when the acknowledgement not receive by neighbor nodes that time these paths not efficient for data packets. This paper presents a summary of different energy efficient protocols that are based on the basic technique of DSR and expands the endeavor and pledge that has been made since last 8 years to turn the conventional DSR as energy efficient routing protocol.

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Migration of virtual machine is one of the most important features in virtual machine technology .It involves moving a VM from a physical host to another, facilitating balancing load, utilization of resource and reducing energy consumption. The goal of this paper is to present a survey of the main types of virtual machine live migration, their classifications and a comparative study of these techniques in a particular class. It also discusses the algorithms used in virtual machine migration.

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Virtual Machine (VM) consolidation is a crucial process in improving the utilization of the resource in cloud computing services. As the cloud data centers consume high electrical power, the operational costs and carbon dioxide releases increases. The inefficient usage of the resources is the main reason for these problems and VM consolidation is a viable solution. VM consolidation includes host overload/under-load detection, VM selection and VM placement processes. Most existing host overload/under-load detection approaches of VM consolidation uses CPU utilization only for the determining host load. In this paper, three resources namely CPU utilization, memory utilization and bandwidth utilization are used for host overload detection and an adaptive regression based model called Multiple Regression Multi-Objective Seven-Spot Ladybird Optimization (MR-MOSLO) is proposed. This model is based on combining the benefits of adaptive threshold based and regression based host overload detection algorithms. This approach of combining these features provide more advantages for threshold setting in dynamic environments with accurate prediction of host overloading. For this purpose, initially, Multiple Regression (MR) algorithm is used which relay on CPU utilization, memory utilization and bandwidth utilization for estimation of the host load conditions. Then a Multi-Objective Seven-Spot Ladybird Optimization (MOSLO) algorithm is introduced to select the upper and lower threshold limits for host utilization. Based on these algorithms, the host overload/underload is detected with high accuracy and less power consumption. The simulations are conducted in CloudSim tool and the empirical results shows that the proposed MR-MOSLO algorithm detects the host overload efficiently. The results obtained for 25 hosts, 30 VMs and 500 tasks, are: SLATAH is 20.0434, PDM is 8.7E-4, SLAV is 3.7E-5 and ESV is 10.962 which are lesser than the other methods. Though the energy of 15.4 kWh and SLA of 0.00757 are negligibly higher than some of the existing methods, the proposed approach provided comparatively better performance.