The edible films were prepared from native sweet potato starch (SPS) or modified sweet potato starch through heat-moisture treatment (HMT). The treatments which were carried out in this research were the different durations of HMT (1, 2, and 3 h) and the SPS concentrations (1, 1.25 and 1.5%). The edible films were characterized by moisture content, thickness, tensile strength, elongation, water vapor permeability (WVP), solubility, morphology, thermal, and x-ray diffraction. The result showed that the thickness, the tensile strength, and the elongation of the modified SPS edible films were higher while the WVP and the solubility were lower than those of the native SPS edible films. The longer durations of HMT had no effects on the characteristics of the edible films. The increase of SPS concentrations enhanced the moisture content, the thickness, the WVP and the elongation but decreased the solubility and the tensile strength of edible films. The films surfaces of modified SPS edible films appeared to be denser and compact than those of native SPS edible films. The crystallinity and the thermal properties of the modified SPS edible films showed the higher increase than those of the native SPS edible films.
<strong>English</strong><br />Postharvest handling application is one of the ways to increase agricultural commodity’s added value. In addition, it also can reduce agricultural yield loss. Technology application is started with dissemination and socialization activity and then followed by technology adoption. The process of dissemination and adoption of the introduced technologies is a crucial part of the efforts to apply technology at the end user’s level. Various influencing factors on the process of dissemination and adoption are associated with the technology, dissemination process, and technology beneficiaries. This paper describes an analysis of post-harvest technology transfer process mainly for food crops and estate crops, and community development in various regions of Indonesia. A concept of zero waste development policy is enhanced in the process of disseminating postharvest technology toward development of rural agro-industry. With that action, it is expected that farmers' income and agricultural commodity competitiveness could be improved.<br /><br /><br /><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Penerapan teknologi pascapanen merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah komoditas pertanian. Selain itu, aplikasi teknologi pascapanen juga dapat menekan kehilangan hasil panen. Penerapan teknologi diawali dengan diseminasi teknologi, selanjutnya terjadi adopsi teknologi. Proses diseminasi dan adopsi teknologi ini merupakan bagian penting dalam pemanfaatan teknologi bagi pengguna. Berbagai faktor yang berpengaruh dalam proses diseminasi dan adopsi teknologi terkait dengan teknologi, proses diseminasi, dan penerima manfaat teknologi tersebut. Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan proses alih teknologi pascapanen produk tanaman pangan dan tanaman perkebunan serta pemberdayaan masyarakat pengguna teknologi pascapanen di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Dalam proses mendiseminasikan teknologi pascapanen menuju pengembangan agroindustri di perdesaan dikembangkan konsep kebijakan yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pendapatan petani dan daya saing komoditas pertanian.
Institutional is one factor that must be considered in the process of technology transfer. The Local Innovation System (in this case SIDa-Belu) was trying to look at those problems in agriculture to empowering poor farmers in the area. This paper analyzed transformation intitution, which occurs during and after the proccess of SIDa-Belu Implementation. The methods used in this research is descriptive analysis with structure, conduct, performance (SCP) approach. Institutional change is a transformation proccess that is part of development. Therefore, the main objective of any institutional change is to internalize the potential for greater productivity which comes from improved resource utilization, and creating a new balance simultaneously. On SIDa-Belu implementation, institutional change encourage the change for farming groups. Before SIDa-Belu they did subsistent farming, and after implementation they make a new adjustment by external factors (permanent feedback proccess) into modern farming groups with market oriented.
AbstrakIndikator keberhasilan di usaha kecil dan menenggah (UKM) adalah peningkatan nilai tambah dan pendapatan. Kemampuan UKM pengolahan nanas pada produksi dodol yang mempunyai nilai tambah rendah. Diperlukan kajian dengan metoda permodelan sistem dinamik untuk mengkaji permasalahan yang terjadi pada pengembangan teknologi spesifik wilayah. Hasil kajian menemukan faktor pengungkit (leverage) dalam peningkatan adopsi teknologi spesifik wilayah di UKM dalam memproduksi produk olahan nanas baru, seperti; (1) Peningkatan penguasaan (adopsi) teknologi yang sesuai, termasuk sarana produksi, melalui kebijakan dalam alokasi dana riset, dan hasil simulasi skenario yaitu peningkatan alokasi dana riset pengembangan teknologi, maka pendapatan pengusaha UKM naik hampir 100 %, (2) Peningkatan akses permodalan, dan hasil simulasi skenario yaitu peningkatan anggaran peminjaman untuk pengembangan UKM, maka pendapatan pengusaha UKM meningkat naik 14 %, (3) Peningkatan kemampuan SDM termasuk kesiapan pengelola UKM, dan hasil simulasi skenaro, yaitu peningkatan kemampuan SDM melalui pelatihan, maka pendapatan pengelola UKM meningkat naik 13.35 %, Kata kunci : Adopsi Teknologi, Komoditi Nanas, Sistem Dinamik, UKM Pengolahan nanas,AbstractIndicators of success in small businesses and medium (SMEs) is the increase in value-added and revenue. Pineapple processing ability levels SMEs still dodol products that have low added value. Necessary to study the dynamic system modeling method to study the problems that occurred in specific technology region development. Results of the study found the factors lever (leverage) in the increased adoption of specific technologies region of SMEs in the new pineapple producing products, such as; (1) Increased adoption of appropriate technology, including the equipment of production, through policies in the allocation of research funding, and the results of the simulation scenario is an increase in the allocation of research funding technological development, the revenue of SMEs rose by nearly 100%, (2) Improved access to capital , and the simulation scenario results are an increase in the budget allocation for the development of SMEs, the SME entrepreneurs increased revenue rose 14%, (3) Increasing the capability of Human Resources including the readiness of SME intrepreuneurs, and simulation scenario results, which improve human resource capacity through training, the intrepreneurs of SMEs increased revenue up 13 %.Keywords: Technology Adoptiony, CVomodity Pineapple, SMEs Pineapple Processing, Dynamic Systems
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