It has been reported that some modified low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) such as glycated LDL and malondialdehyde-rich LDL (MDA-LDL) probably exist in the circulation. The present study was undertaken to investigate the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of MDA-LDL occurring in chronic haemodialysis patients and the effects of alpha-tocopherol on these abnormalities. MDA-LDL from haemodialysis patients was degraded more rapidly by human monocyte-derived macrophages and disappeared more slowly from the circulation when compared with LDL from healthy controls. Treatment with alpha-tocopherol at doses of 600 mg/day for 2 weeks resulted in improvement of these metabolic abnormalities depending upon the degree of return to normal MDA concentrations in LDL.
We investigated the effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and of the PAF specific antagonist CV-6209 on plasma lipid metabolism, and particularly on post-heparin plasma lipolytic activity in male Wistar rats. Lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity was enhanced by intravenous injection of PAF before intravenous injection of heparin when the PAF dose was low (0.2 micrograms/kg). PAF activated hepatic triacylglycerol lipase (HTGL) activity dose-dependently. Plasma triacylglycerols (TG) significantly decreased with the activation of LPL and/or HTGL. Plasma total cholesterol (TC) and phospholipid (PL) levels decreased at a low dose of PAF (0.2 micrograms/kg), but increased when higher doses were used. The PAF antagonist CV-6209 partially reversed the PAF induced effects on HTGL, TC and PL.
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