The bacterial community structure in four geographically isolated arid regions on the Loess plateau, China, a source of Asian dust, was investigated using a 16S rRNA gene. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and sequencing demonstrated that community diversity in the Loess plateau was low, and a common Alphaproteobacteria phylotype was identified. Phylogenetic analyses of arid soils revealed that most phylotypes had low similarity with known strains in various phyla, suggesting that these regions contain phylogenetically divergent and unknown bacteria.
The jet flow that struck the portion of the stenosed wall reversed direction, even during early expiration. Therefore, the expiration during jet ventilation was facilitated more by the reversed flow than by the expiration during conventional mechanical ventilation. This reversed flow may provide lower end-expiratory airway pressure at the poststenotic portion with jet ventilation than with conventional mechanical ventilation. We conclude that jet ventilation was a useful method of ventilation in cases with tracheal stenosis, especially nonfluid and short stenosis.
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