Background: Hypertension and dyslipidaemia are two major modifiable cardiovascular risk factors with their co-existence having more than an additive effect on endothelial function causing atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in hypertensive subjects and to determine its relationship left ventricular hypertrophy.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional comparative one involving 120 hypertensive participants with LVH (subjects) and 60 age and sex-matched hypertensive participants without LVH (controls). Detailed history, physical examination, fasting lipid profile test, and echocardiogram were carried out on all participants.Results: The overall prevalence rate of dyslipidaemia in the study was 61.1%. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia in subjects (60.8%) was slightly lower than in controls (61.7%), though the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.914). The most common isolated lipid abnormality in the study was elevated serum LDL-C (55% in subjects, 46.7% in controls), though the difference did not achieve statistical significance (p= 0.370). The mean atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was significantly higher in the subjects (0.34+0.23) than in the controls (0.22+0.28) (p=0.001). There was a positive correlation between echocardiographic left ventricular mass and AIP (r=0.298, p=0.001).Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of dyslipidaemia among hypertensive adults. There is also a positive correlation between echocardiographic left ventricular mass and AIP among adult hypertensive subjects.
Background: Left ventricular hypertrophy is an adaptive response to volume and/or pressure overload, especially in hypertensive subjects. Microalbuminuria is a well-known predictor of poor cardiovascular outcomes in patients with hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria in hypertensive subjects and its relationship with LVH defined by echocardiogram in adult hypertensive subjects.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional comparative one involving 88 hypertensive volunteers with age and sex-matched normotensive controls. Detailed history, physical examination, urine assessment for microalbuminuria and echocardiogram were carried out on all participants.Results: The overall prevalence rate of microalbuminuria in the study was 29.5%. The prevalence of microalbuminuria in hypertensive subjects (43.2%) was significantly higher than in the normotensive counterparts (15.9%) (p=0.001). The prevalence of microalbuminuria in hypertensive subjects with echocardiographic LVH (81.0%) was significantly higher than in hypertensive participants without echocardiographic LVH (31.3%) (p=0.001). There was a positive correlation between left ventricular mass defined by echocardiogram and urinary albumin excretion in hypertensive subjects (r =0.422, p= 0.001).Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of microalbuminuria among hypertensive adults, especially those with left ventricular hypertrophy. There is also a positive correlation between echocardiographic left ventricular mass and urinary albumin excretion among adult hypertensive subjects.
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