Integrated geophysical survey was carried out at Awo, Egbedore Local Government, Osun State, Southwest Nigeria to identify the location and depth of formation of different magnetic minerals. Proton Precession Magnetometer (G -856AX) and String R1 resistivity meter were used to obtain magnetic and resistivity data respectively. Sufer10 was used to present magnetic intensity anomaly maps and UBC, MAG3D program (version 4.0) was used to generate 3D inversion of the subsurface magnetic data. The slices of the 3D model at different depths were shown. Partial curve matching and Winresist (version 1.0) were used to treat the apparent resistivity data to generate sounding curves. The apparent resistivities obtained were compared with the published magnetic susceptibilities to identify the magnetic minerals and their locations in the study area. The results of the geophysical methods were in agreement and revealed that rocks at the centre towards the south western region are suspected to be Tantalite and Columbite while the north western region possibly harboured rocks such as Sandstone, Quartz and Calcite. More than fifty percentage of the volume has an intermediate magnetic susceptibility values indicating that the study area is predominantly a pegmatite vein and possibly harbours rocks such as Beryl, Tourmaline and Mica in both disseminated and massive quantities.
Estimation and forecast of groundwater recharge and capacities of aquifers are essential issues in water resource investigation. In the current research, groundwater recharge and the recharge coefficient were determined through a case study using empirical methods applicable to the tropical zones. The related climatological data between January 1983 and December 2014 were collected from Ogun-Oshun River Basin Development Authority (OORBDA), Ogun State, Nigeria. Using empirical formulae. The results showed that groundwater recharge was 194.7 mm per year, evapotranspiration was 1296.2 mm per year, and the recharge coefficient was 20.2% for the study area. The result also showed that about 11% of rainfall infiltrated the aquifer, 73% was lost to evapotranspiration, and 16% ended up as run-off. Correlation between climatic parameters and groundwater recharge showed the highest correlation between recharge and rainfall. Temperature, humidity, solar radiation and evapotranspiraton were obtained at the 0.01 significance level; the results of linear regressions proved that precipitation has a significant effect (with R 2 = 0.983) on estimated recharge.
Magnetic and resistivity geophysical methods were used to investigate the location and depth of mineral rocks at Olode village, Oyo State, Nigeria. 80 magnetic data points were acquired in 10 profiles using G-816 proton precession magnetometer with 10 m spacing in between each profiles and 10 m stations interval. After correcting diurnal variations, the raw magnetic data obtained were plotted as 2D and 3D magnetic contour maps. The residual anomalies obtained were plotted against distance using Microsoft Excel, and Peter’s half-slope method was used to find the depth to the magnetic sources. The magnetic signature obtained show considerable varying amplitude from a minimum value of 155.3 nT at a depth of 6.37 m to a maximum value of 670.3 nT at a depth of 6.25 m. Resistivity data were obtained using Campus Tiger resistivity meter and 9 VESs were acquired using Schlumberger configuration. All VESs were 150 m long, 75 m on each side of the referenced points which were 10 m apart. VESs 1–4 and 7–9 are underlined with rocks of high conductivity and susceptibility values. VESs 5 and 6 show rocks with low conductivity and susceptibility values. The results of these geophysical methods show that there are rocks with high magnetic susceptibility and conductivity values from the centre towards the eastern region of the study area and low magnetic susceptibility and conductivity values at the western region. On the average, the depths of these rocks from the surface fall in the interval of 5.80 m to 6.72 m.
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