Background Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs, miR) have been considered as biomarkers reflecting the underlying pathophysiology in atrial fibrillation (AF). Nevertheless, miRNA expression in the peripheral blood samples might not reflect a cardiac phenomenon since most miRNAs are expressed in numerous organs. This study aimed to identify the cardiac-specific circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for AF. Methods Plasma samples were obtained from a luminal coronary sinus catheter (CS, cardiac-specific samples) and femoral venous sheath (FV, peripheral samples) in patients with AF and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (control, CTL) undergoing catheter ablation. The circulating miRNA profiles were analyzed by small RNA sequencing. Differently expressed miRNAs between AF and CTL were identified in each sample of the CS and FV; miRNAs exhibiting similar expression patterns in the CS and FV samples were selected as candidates for cardiac-specific biomarkers. The selected miRNAs were related to the outcome of catheter ablation of AF. Results Small RNA sequencing detected 849 miRNAs. Among the top 30 most differently expressed miRNAs between AF and CTL, circulating hsa-miR-20b-5p, hsa-miR-330-3p, and hsa-miR-204-5p had a similar pattern in the CS and FV samples. Another set of peripheral blood samples was obtained from AF patients undergoing catheter ablation (n = 141). The expression of the miR-20b-5p and miR-330-3p, but not the miR-204-5p, negatively correlated with the echocardiographic left-atrial dimension and was decreased in patients with AF recurrence as compared to those without AF recurrence during a 1-year follow-up. Conclusion Circulating miR-20b-5p and miR-330-3p can be cardiac-specific biomarkers for atrial remodeling progression and arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation in AF patients.
Background: Circulating miRNA expression in the peripheral blood samples might not reflect a cardiac phenomenon since most miRNAs are expressed in numerous organs. This study aimed to identify the cardiac-specific circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for atrial fibrillation (AF).Methods: Plasma samples were obtained from a luminal coronary sinus catheter (CS, cardiac-specific samples) and femoral venous sheath (FV, peripheral samples) in AF patients and controls undergoing catheter ablation (CA). Small RNA sequencing was performed to identify differently expressed miRNAs between AF and CTL in each sample of the CS and FV; miRNAs exhibiting similar expression profiles in the CS and FV samples were selected as candidates for cardiac-specific biomarkers, and were related to the outcome of CA of AF.Results: Among the top 30 most differently expressed miRNAs between AF and CTL, circulating hsa-miR-20b-5p/miR-330-3p/miR-204-5p had a similar pattern in the CS and FV samples. Another set of peripheral samples was obtained from AF patients undergoing CA (n=141). The miR-20b-5p/miR-330-3p expressions negatively correlated with the echocardiographic left-atrial dimension and was significantly decreased in patients with AF recurrence as compared to those without AF recurrence.Conclusion: Circulating miR-20b-5p/miR-330-3p can be cardiac-specific biomarkers for atrial remodeling and arrhythmia recurrence after CA in AF patients.
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