Objectives: To reveal the histopathological and immunological outcomes of intravesical treatment with tarantula cubensis extract (TCE) in a rat model of interstitial cystitis.Methods: A total of 30 female Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: group 1 (control group), group 2 (disease group), and group 3 (treatment group). The rat model of interstitial cystitis was created by biweekly intraperitoneal administration of cyclophosphamide (CYP). In group 3, TCE (a venom extracted from a brown spider known as tarantula cubensis) was administered intravesically after the model
Isolated pulmonary metastasis is observed in 2%-3% of prostate cancer cases but a complete treatment algorithm was not established for these patients. This study aimed to present a case of isolated pulmonary metastasis during the follow-up after radical prostatectomy, in which recurrence was not detected for 2 years after metastasectomy. The patient was on follow-up without any treatment for 22 months, with an unobservable prostate-specific antigen value. Metastasectomy in oligometastatic disease has emerged as a treatment option in recent years but is not considered a standard treatment. Literature contribution is necessary for oligometastatic disease definition to clarify its nature and compare treatment options.
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