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Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the attitude and hesitancy towards vaccine against COVID-19 in a Pakistani Population. Materials and Methods: A mix-method, prospective study was conducted and adults (aged ≥18 years) residing in Pakistan were invited to participate..The questionnaire was prepared, hosted in Google Forms and circulated through electronic platforms and was also available to be done in in-person. Data was compiled from 15 th September to 30 th November 2020. Results: The response rate was 80%. A total of 1003 participants were included in the final analysis. Of them, 75% completed survey questionnaire online, while remaining 25% responded in-person. The mean age of the participants was 29.62±10.47 years. The majority of participants were females; 60.9% (n=611). 57.02% (n=572) of the participants were employed at the time of survey. Overall, 70.68% (n=709) of the participants had previous experience of vaccines such as the flu vaccine Only 4.9% (n=49) participants thought that they will be seriously ill from COVID-19 within six months and 39% (n=392) participants were confident that they will get COVID-19. A total of 71.29% of the participants reported they would consider getting vaccinated once available. There was statistical association between gender and getting vaccinated (P<0.001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that majority of the participants showed positive attitude towards considering COVID-19 vaccine. However awareness with informed knowledge of efficacy, possible adverse effects and cost would be of added great value to increase the real response of Pakistani population towards COVID-19 vaccination.

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A brief analysis on the distribution range of some of the species dominating in the arid and extra arid regions of North Africa and Arabian Peninsula is presented. These species are belonging to three phytogeographical categories namely: Saharo-Sindian, Sudano-Deccanian and Tropical African-Indian elements. Species included for this study are either disjunct or they have a wider distribution, some of which have even extended their presence deep into the Indian phytogeographical region. A broad floristic analysis has been carried out on individual state/regional floras outside the eastern limit of the Saharo-Sindian phytogeographical zone in India to explore the share of Afro-Arabian floristic elements. Among the two arid regions in India, where majority of Afro-Arabian plants exist, western arid land adjoining Pakistan contains the highest number of Afro-Arabian plants whereas the largest share of the flora of the semi arid land in the peninsular part of India comes from the species of the tropical and other eastern phytogeographical zones, including Indian floristic elements. Various domain names prevailing in the region and the reasons for the gradual increase of Afro-Arabian share in the Indian flora are also discussed briefly.