Introduction One of the most observed diseases in the otorhinolaryngology emergency, compared with the other facial fractures, is related to nasal bone fractures (NBFs). The peak of incidence is seen in the age group ranging from 11 to 30 years old. Objective The present evaluation was devoted to the etiology and epidemiological study of NBFs. Methods In the present cross-sectional study, 376 patients with NBF were evaluated. The necessary information such as gender, age, education, job, causes of NBF, and clinical symptoms of patients have been recorded on the checklist. Results The study revealed that 76.9% of the patients were male and 23.1% were female; 37.5% of all patients were self-employed, and most of them were from urban areas. Traffic accident (26.6%) and falling (25.5%) were the main reasons for NBF. The most common clinical symptoms for NBF were tenderness (96%; n = 361), nasal swelling (90.4%; n = 340), and deformity (89.4%; n = 336). Conclusion The results showed that the incidence of NBFs in young men without higher education level and self-employed were high which can be related to the traffic accidents and fights. Also, falls, beatings and accidental hit are the most common causes of NBFs among women. Therefore, to decrease the incidence of otorhinolaryngology trauma, training about the general life skill and providing awareness about using personal safety equipment and measures should be increased at the future.
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refers to inflammatory nasal and para nasal sinuses which last at least 12 weeks. Despite its high prevalence, it is not easy to diagnose, and clinical criteria and simple radiographs are not so sensitive. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of clinical symptoms and signs for chronic sinusitis by Ct-scan in patients admitted to Ardabil city hospital, Iran.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study has been done on 83 patients with CRS symptoms who referred to ENT of Ardabil city hospital. The necessary checklist included information such as age, gender, clinical symptoms and CT scan findings were completed and analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS version 21.Results: Of all 83 patients, 55.4% were female and most of patients were in age group 30-39 years with 30.1%. Of all patients, 29 (35%) had positive findings in CT scan of which 72.4% were female. The highest rate of sinus involvement was in the ethmoid sinus. The highest positive predicted value was for nose congestion with OR=2.26 and the lowest was for facial pain and toothache each with OR=0.1.Conclusions: In general, clinical symptoms have a small predictive value in the diagnosis of sinusitis and should be evaluated with CT scan findings (15.7%).
Introduction: Overweight and obesity are defined as abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that may impair health and increase the risk of more diseases in future. Body mass index (BMI) is a good method for measure the overweight and obesity and waist to hip ration is a good index for measure the abdominal obesity. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 1316 people who selected randomly from Ardabil city. Demographic data and anthropometric parameters such as age,sex, height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured by interviewers. Data were analyzed by statistical methods such as t-test, chisquare test, Pearson correlation and multinomial logistic regression model in SPSS version 21. Results: The mean age of the people was 28.5±7.4 years of them, 63.1% were in age group 20-30 years. The mean height of the samples was 162.7±8.6 cm in range 110-194 and the mean weight of them was 68.9±11.7 kg in range 43-111. The mean BMI of patients was 25.7. According to BMI, 35.6% of all samples had overweight and 18.6% had obesity. According to the WHR, 28.1% of male and 22.1% of female had high WHR (abdominal obesity). The prevalence of abdominal obesity based WHR was 25.2%. Conclusion: By using Multinomial Logistic Regression we showed that the relation between BMI and Age was positive and significant and by increasing one year at age of people, the rate of overweight increased 13% and the rate of obesity increased 17% in compare with normal patients.
Background: Ultrasonography (US) is the most important imaging modality in detecting both intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies. The aim of this study was to comparison transvaginal ultrasound with serum β-hCG level for diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy (Ep) in referred women to Ardabil city hospital.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 207 women with diagnosis of Ep were enrolled during 2018. All women underwent transvaginal US in the first 24 hours and US done by an expert radiologist. Serum levels of β-hCG at first 24 hours and the time gap between US examination and last menstrual period (LMP) were compared between women with positive and negative US findings. Data collected by a checklist and analyzed by statistical method in SPSS version 21.Results: The primary US were positive in 174 women (84.1%) and negative in 33 women (15.9%). The mean of time gap between US and LMP in women with diagnosed EP was significantly higher than other women (median, 42 days versus 45 days, p=0.042). Also, the mean of serum level of β-hCG had significant difference between two groups. In logistic regression analysis results showed that the time gap between US and LMP hadn’t significant impact on EP diagnosis. The best discriminative zone was set at a serum β-hCG level of 105.65 mIU/ml with a sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 27%, respectively and the under-ROC area was 58%.Conclusions: According to our findings, the median serum level of β-hCG in women with undiagnosed Ep were significantly lower than women with correct diagnosis of Ep but the mean and median of time gap between US and LMP in women with diagnosed EP was more than women without Ep. Also, the proposed discriminative zone for serum level of β-hCG in our study is different from the previous studies.
<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A few studies have been performed on whether allergic rhinitis is a cause of adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The aim of this study was to determine the symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children with hypertrophy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This descriptive cross-sectional study has been conducted on 150 patients’ candidates for adenotonsillectomy. The necessary information was collected through checklists and patient records. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 150 patients were included in the study. In terms of gender, the highest frequency was related to boys (66.7%). Most of patients lived in the Ardabil (66.7%). The mean age of the subjects was 7.55 years. The highest frequency was related to the history of recurrent middle ear infection in children with 73 cases (48.7%). The lowest frequency was jointly assigned to the history of taking anti-allergy drugs and the history of recurrent itching in the child each with 21 cases (14%). There was no significant relationship between any of the studied symptoms and age and gender of patients. Most of patients with 90.7% had allergic rhinitis symptoms.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Results showed that frequency of symptoms of allergic rhinitis in patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy was in moderate level and the rate of it in studied patients was similar to its rate among general population.</p>
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