Rice, world’s second major, staple cereal crop that feed the more than 50% of world’s population. To safeguard the production and to fulfill the demand of ever the increasing population and urbanization there is need to increase the rice production. Though the rice yield has increased due to the development of modern technology and climate resilient high yielding cultivars but still it is 10–15 per cent lower than its potential yield due to various biotic and abiotic stress. Drought, extreme temperature, salinity, harmful radiation, heavy metals, gaseous pollutants are the most detrimental abiotic stresses factors that cause the morphological, physiological and biochemical changes in the rice crops and ultimate result is the reduction of rice production globally. Tolerance against these stresses through exploitation of potent biotechnological tools, molecular markers, QTL mapping omices approaches, phytohormones which could offer a more adequate and rapid solution to overcome these abiotic stresses and to enhance the ultimate grain yield of rice.
Genetic diversity among RILs of groundnut were estimated using Mahalanobis D 2 statistic for seventeen characters. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the RILs for all characters. Based on Tocher's method, 149 RILs were grouped into fifteen clusters. Cluster II was the largest, holding 40 RILs followed by cluster I (34 RILs), cluster IV (14 RILs), cluster VI (14 RILs), VIII cluster (10 RILs), cluster V (7 RILs), cluster VII (6 RILs), cluster X (6 RILs), cluster IX (4 RILs), cluster XIII (4 RILs), cluster XI (3 RILs), cluster XIV (3 RILs), III cluster (2 RILs). Whereas cluster XII and XV were unique with only one RILs in each. This grouping indicated considerable diversity among the RILs. Cluster III had RILs with desirable characters like number of kernels per pod, 100-kernel weight, kernel yield per plant and biological yield per plant. Similarly, other clusters like VIII and were also possessed different character combinations. Intra-cluster distance was highest for cluster VI while inter-cluster distance between cluster III and cluster VII was maximum, indicating the existence of high variability within and between clusters.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.