Introduction: Perioperative hypothermia is one of the most common phenomena seen among surgical patients, leading to numerous adverse outcomes such as intraoperative blood loss, cardiac events, coagulopathy, increased hospital stay and associated costs. Forced air warming (FAW) and resistive heating (RH) are the two most commonly used and widely studied devices to prevent perioperative hypothermia. The effect of FAW on operating room laminar flow and surgical site infection is unclear and we initiated an extensive literature search in order to get a scientific insight of this aspect.Material and Methods: The literature search was conducted using the Medline search engine, PubMed, Cochrane review, google scholar, and OSU library.Results: Out of 92 Articles considered initially for review we selected a total of 73 relevant references. Currently there is no robust evidence to support that FAW can increase SSIs. In addition, both of the two warming devices present safety problems.Conclusion: As unbiased independent reviewers, we advise clinicians to weigh the risks and benefits when using either one of these devices; no change in the current practice is necessary until further data emerges.

Background Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) can clinically present as an acute coronary syndrome; however, the former has regional wall motion abnormalities that extend beyond a single coronary vascular territory without any plaque rupture. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy classically involves apical ballooning of left ventricle (LV). It is uncommon for TCM to present as cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) along with third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. Case summary A 63-year-old female, underwent a ventricular fibrillation (VF) CPA. She was defibrillated three times and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was achieved after 37 min. Her post-ROSC electrocardiogram showed non-specific ST-segment changes and T-wave inversions and soon progressed to third-degree AV block. Patient had a transvenous pacemaker placed to pace her heart. Echocardiogram showed an LV ejection fraction of 15–20% with akinesis of the apex and anteroseptum. An echocardiogram repeated 4 days after the cardiopulmonary arrests showed an ejection fraction of 60–65% with hypokinesis of mid anterior and antero-apical hypokinesis. However, the patient still continued to require a pacemaker and hence eventually received a dual-chamber pacemaker/implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for her AV block and ventricular arrhythmia. Discussion Most commonly TCM presents with chest pain and symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. We present a very rare presentation of TCM associated with VF and CPA along with third-degree AV block. There have handful of case reports documenting TCM causing CPA in some patients and other case reports showing TCM causing high degree AV block. In our patient, TCM was associated with both VF and CPA along with third-degree AV block.

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Propofol is a widely used sedative for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. Drug-induced pancreatitis is a relatively rare disease possibly because of poor recognition. Propofol-induced pancreatitis is an extremely rare phenomenon. We present a 22-year-old healthy man who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy with propofol as a sedative. Soon after, he developed acute upper gastrointestinal symptoms and was diagnosed with pancreatitis. His prolonged hospital course was complicated with necrotizing pancreatitis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, and other end-organ damages. We hope to increase awareness of a life-threatening adverse event of a commonly used anesthetic such as propofol.