AimsThe aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of self-reported halitosis, oral hygiene practices and related diseases among Libyan students and employees.MethodsSix hundred self-administered structured questionnaires were used to investigate self-perception of halitosis and oral hygiene practices among a group of Libyan volunteers. Chi square test was used to detect significant differences between frequencies and to test correlation between self-perception of halitosis and measures of oral hygiene.ResultsForty three percent of the subjects were males and 57% were females. Forty four percent of the males and 54% of the females revealed self-perception malodour. Malodour was reported with the highest frequency (68%) during wake up time. Malodour was perceived by 31.7% of the females and 23.4% of the males during the hand-on-mouth test (p=0.04). Significantly more females (89.9%) than males (75.7%) practiced brushing (p<0.001). Fifty one percent of the males and 49.6% of females had dental caries. Smoking was significantly (p<0.001) more prevalent among males (17%) than among females (1%). Brushing was practiced by 85% of non-smokers and 68% of smokers (p=0.004). About 71% of the subjects who practiced brushing reported malodour during wake up time in comparison to subjects who did not practice brushing (p=0.041).ConclusionsThe prevalence of self-perceived malodour among the Libyan volunteers in this study is within the range of other studies. There is a great demand to reduce the incidence of dental caries and periodontal diseases.

AimsThe aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of self-reported halitosis, oral hygiene practices and related diseases among Libyan students and employees.MethodsSix hundred self-administered structured questionnaires were used to investigate self-perception of halitosis and oral hygiene practices among a group of Libyan volunteers. Chi square test was used to detect significant differences between frequencies and to test correlation between self-perception of halitosis and measures of oral hygiene.ResultsForty three percent of the subjects were males and 57% were females. Forty four percent of the males and 54% of the females revealed self-perception malodour. Malodour was reported with the highest frequency (68%) during wake up time. Malodour was perceived by 31.7% of the females and 23.4% of the males during the hand-on-mouth test (p=0.04). Significantly more females (89.9%) than males (75.7%) practiced brushing (p<0.001). Fifty one percent of the males and 49.6% of females had dental caries. Smoking was significantly (p<0.001) more prevalent among males (17%) than among females (1%). Brushing was practiced by 85% of non-smokers and 68% of smokers (p=0.004). About 71% of the subjects who practiced brushing reported malodour during wake up time in comparison to subjects who did not practice brushing (p=0.041).ConclusionsThe prevalence of self-perceived malodour among the Libyan volunteers in this study is within the range of other studies. There is a great demand to reduce the incidence of dental caries and periodontal diseases.

Introduction To determine the spectrum of diseases and the level of clinicopathological concordance in skin biopsies received over a period of one year. Methods A total of 2216 skin biopsy cases received over a period of one year at a tertiary care center were retrospectively analyzed. The cases were further divided into further categories in levels of concordance based on the agreement between the clinical and histopathological diagnosis rendered. Results Of the cases, 61.01% showed clinicopathological concordance. Cases with a descriptive pathological diagnosis, not matching the clinical diagnosis, constituted 31.54%, whereas 4.02% of cases had a definitive pathological diagnosis, which was discordant with the clinical differentials; 3.29% biopsies were inadequate. Conclusion This study highlights the clinicopathological concordance in all the biopsies received from dermatology. It emphasizes the importance of skin biopsies in arriving at the diagnosis. However, it is a tool that must be used judiciously. Skin biopsies are also pivotal in flagging malignancies that may mimic benign lesions.

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A 24-year-old primigravida with monochorionic monoamniotic pregnancy presented to our institution at 31+3 weeks of gestation with leaking per vaginum. The ultrasound findings were that of an enlarged and cystically dilated placenta, which raised the possibility of a differential diagnosis of partial mole. In view of foetal distress she was taken up for emergency caesarean section. Two healthy female twins were delivered with no features of Beckwith Wiedermann syndrome.On gross examination the placenta weighed 800 gm and measured 17x15x2.5cm. The two umbilical cords attached measured 20cm and 24cm respectively [Table/ Fig-1]. Foetal surface showed prominent, dilated blood vessels. The maternal surface was intact with cotyledons. Tiny, white nodules were seen on the foetal side. The cut surface of the placenta was beefy red with no pale areas. A focal area showed pinkish white vesicle like area [Table/ Fig-2].