Testicular torsion-detorsion results in enhanced formation of free radicals which contribute to the pathophysiology of testicular tissue damage. Recent reports have identified protective role of pentoxifylline (PTX) against free radicals. Thus, we determined the protective effect of pentoxifylline against testicular damage in mouse model of testicular torsion-detorsion.
Twenty (6 weeks old) male mice were divided into 4 groups of 5 animals each namely: Control (sham operated group), T1 (Torsion-detosion + single dose 100 mg/kg PTX, T2 (torsion-detorsion + 20 mg/kg PTX for 2 weeks and T/D (torsion-detorsion only). Animals in T1, T2 and T/D groups underwent 2 h of testicular torsion with the left testes rotated 720° (clockwisely) followed by 30 min of detorsion. After detorsion, drug administration was done intraperitoneally. The left testes of all the animals were excised on the 35th day after torsion-detortion for histopathological and biochemical assay. Histomorphological analysis of the seminiferous tubules showed that there were significant increase (P < 0.01 or 0.05) in the mean seminiferous tubule diameter, Johnson score and germ cells of animals in Control and T1 compared to T2 and T/D with no significant difference (P > 0.05) in testes weight, sertoli, leydig and myoid cells in all groups. IHC results showed significant increase (P < 0.01 or 0.05) in id4 and scp3 protein markers in Control, T1 and T2 compared to T/D. Oxidative stress analysis revealed that Pentoxifylline significantly increased (P < 0.01 or 0.05) the level of SOD, catalase, mRNA expression of akt and pi3k genes but significantly suppress (P < 0.01 or 0.05) MDA and Caspase-3 level in Control, T1 and T2 compared to T/D. Pentoxifylline could be used as an adjunct therapy to surgery in the treatment of torsion-detorsion related testicular injury, However, Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of pentoxifylline on testicular torsion.
Objective Infertility is the inability to conceive after regular unprotected sex for more than 1 year without the use of contraceptive.Azoospermia is defined as an absence of fertile sperm in seminal fluid. Men with azoospermia will guide the formulation of a therapeutic plan. Uncarboxylated form of the osteocalcin (OCN) modulates fertility. In this study, we investigated the role of osteocalcin on SYCP3 expression in azoospermic mouse model.Methods Male mice (NMRI) ranging in age from 4 to 6 weeks (25 ± 5 g) were randomly divided into five groups (in all groups n = 5), Control, Sham I, Sham II, azoospermic model and azoospermic experimental OCN (3 ng/g/day) treated groups. At the end of the treatment period, (15th week age) the mice were sacrificed, left testes removed, weighted and put in fixative for morphology and IHC technique.Results Testis weight was reduced in azoospermic and azoospermic OCN treated group compared with Control and Sham groups, but in azoospermic OCN treated group is more than azoospermic mice (P ≤ 0.05). Daily injections of OCN improved spermatogenesis and SYCP3 expression in azoospermic OCN treated mice but not in azoospermic model.Conclusion Our results suggests that the osteocalcin overexpressed SYCP3 expression and improved spermatogenesis.
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