Original Research Article Tuberculosis, though a curable infectious disease, remains one of the leading causes of death in adults. It is also a major public health concern in Nigeria. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in unisex adults at the National Hospital, Abuja. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in National Hospital was studied using the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF procedure. Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay technique was used to detect the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A total of two hundred (200) patients from 18 years and above were screened and enrolled for this study. The study revealed that 13 out of 200 patients were positive with pulmonary tuberculosis with an overall prevalence rate of 6.50%. The most affected age group was between 36-45years having the highest prevalence of infection (15.79%). Male patients had a higher prevalence at 12.0%, compared to 3.2% in females. The statistical analysis revealed that there was a significant relationship of prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in National Hospital, Abuja with respect to age and gender (P<0.05). The prevalence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis among Adults in National Hospital, Abuja is slightly above the estimated falling rate of the World Health organization. This means that the prevalence of the infection in National Hospital, Abuja is gradually decreasing and might fall to a prevalence of zero if the necessary measures for preventing spread of infections are put in place.
Original Research Article The aim of this research is to determine the levels of some phytochemicals in methanol extract of Coconut water. Medicinal plants are the local heritage with global importance. In fact plants used for medications are the basis of many modern pharmaceuticals today. The work thus investigated the methanol based phytochemical extract of Coconut water. The method involved the use of pooled Coconut water obtained from fifty Coconut fruits at different Markets in various locations in Abuja F.C.T. Methanol extraction of Coconut Phytochemicals was the central focus of the technique adopted. The Spearman"s Ranked Correlation Coefficient statistics technique was used to test the level of correlation between the visually scored colour intensity of the phytochemicals of interest and their spectrophotometric ally measured absorbance values at 200nm to 600 nm. The targeted Phytochemicals were Alkaloids, Glycosides, Saponins, Tannins, Resins, Acidic compounds and Flavonoids. The Result revealed that Alkaloids that were subjectively scored 4+ with light Purple colour intensity had absorbance, OD, of 300nm. Tannins and Resins, scored 3+ each, with Light Blue colour intensity, had absorbance, OD, of 400nm. Glycosides and Saponin each separately scored 2+, with Green colour intensity had absorbance, OD, of 200 nm. While no colours were detected in Flavonoids and Acidic compounds and as such their absorbances could not be evaluated. Their Statistical proportions on Pie Chart were 142.9 0 , 102.9 0 , 102.9 0 and 0 0 respectively. Students t test revealed that t cal ≥t tab. At 95% confidence limits the levels of the phytochemicals extracted from the Coconut water using methanol extract are quite significant (P<0.05).
Original Research Article This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in adults attending National Hospital, Abuja. A semi structured questionnaire for socio-demographic information was administered after obtaining patients' informed consent. A prevalence rate of 21.0% was recorded for this study, with the highest prevalence of 30.9% recorded among the female group, while the male group recorded the prevalence of 8.9%, (P>0.05). In terms of age, prevalence rates, increased with increase in age of adults (P<0.05). Prevalence of the Klebsiella pneumoniae infection varied with educational qualification of adults, with those who had no formal education recording the highest prevalence of infection (42.9%). There was also a significant association between educational qualification and prevalence of infection (P<0.05). Those who had knowledge of respiratory tract infections recorded lower prevalence of infection (14.0%) and this was significant (P<0.05). Those who had a form of respiratory infection however, recorded higher prevalence of the infection (25.9%) and risk factors of living in crowded areas were statistically not significant in this study (P>0.05). Those who had a history of Pneumonia had a higher prevalence of infection, but this was not significant (P>0.05). There was also a significant difference between prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection and exposure to cold (P<0.05). A relatively high prevalence of the infection was recorded in this study, which justifies the need for more awareness of klebsiella pneumoniae infection.
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