This paper surveys the extant literature on machine learning, artificial intelligence, and deep learning mechanisms within the financial sphere using bibliometric methods. We considered the conceptual and social structure of publications in ML, AI, and DL in finance to better understand the research’s status, development, and growth. The study finds an upsurge in publication trends within this research arena, with a bit of concentration around the financial domain. The institutional contributions from USA and China constitute much of the literature on applying ML and AI in finance. Our analysis identifies emerging research themes, with the most futuristic being ESG scoring using ML and AI. However, we find there is a lack of empirical academic research with a critical appraisal of these algorithmic-based advanced automated financial technologies. There are severe pitfalls in the prediction process using ML and AI due to algorithmic biases, mostly in the areas of insurance, credit scoring and mortgages. Thus, this study indicates the next evolution of ML and DL archetypes in the economic sphere and the need for a strategic turnaround in academics regarding these forces of disruption and innovation that are shaping the future of finance.
This paper examines antecedents of job satisfaction of Indian public and private bank employees, and it aims to explore the reason for the difference in job satisfaction between them. The study reveals that there is a substantial difference in terms of job satisfaction between public and private sector bank employees. The public sector bank employees are more satisfied than private-sector bank employees in India. The nature of the job undertaken, the job security and the influence of co-workers emerge as significant predictors of job satisfaction more among public sector bank employees than those in the private sector. Among the demographic characteristics of employees, the education and designation/title of employees have emerged as the best predictor for job satisfaction of public sector bank employees. But in private banks, the strong determents of job satisfaction are the title or designation of employees and experience. We suggest a reason for dissatisfaction can be linked to the recruitment process in banks, which is effective in public but not effective in private banks in India. Henceforth, we suggest that the need for urgent human resource policy intervention is essential for improving the efficacy and efficiency of private bank employees and reducing the severe attrition rate in private sector banks in India.
Bitcoin (BTC) prices are fluctuating continuously to the extremes. The Bitcoin market witnessed a crash during the second quarter of 2021 that was purely guided by the investors' sentiments. Are the Bitcoin prices influenced only by market sentiments or do any factors influence them? In this paper, we applied a triangulation approach; mixed-methods research was used in which a qualitative study was complemented by a quantitative method. Both the qualitative and quantitative data of time periods 2016-2021 were examined to find whether the Bitcoin market prices are influenced by market sentiments. For analysing market sentiments, the posts and sentiments from 2016 to 2021 of an internet forum "Bitcointalk" were used. For strengthening the findings of qualitative analysis, we used quantitative data of the BTC market. We also used search data from Google Trends for providing further insights. Our research shows a crossmatch between quantitative trends on Bitcoin market prices and qualitative matrix of sentiments. We have also observed an artificial investment intention in the form of digital nudges playing the field of the Bitcoin market to boost investment.
Sustainability in production and consumption requires infrastructure, pointing to the enormous financial prerequisite. Green bonds are an innovative means for channelling capital toward the environment and sustainability. Through a methodical evaluation of the literature, global green bond frameworks, and issuances to date, this chapter attempts to develop a comprehensive understanding of green bonds, as well as their importance in achieving sustainable development. The authors examine the potential of green bonds in unleashing sustainability focusing on the UN SDG 12, titled “responsible consumption and production.” The results suggest that green bonds have huge potential in financing green infrastructure that enables responsible production and consumption. The interdependencies of the sustainability pillars result in overall sustainability with the benefits derived from green bond issuances.
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