Edited by Patrick SungHuman RecQ-like helicase 4 (RECQL4) plays crucial roles in replication initiation and DNA repair; however, the contextual regulation of its unwinding activity is not fully described. Mutations in RECQL4 have been linked to three diseases including Rothmund-Thomson syndrome, which is characterized by osteoskeletal deformities, photosensitivity, and increased osteosarcoma susceptibility. Understanding regulation of RECQL4 helicase activity by interaction partners will allow deciphering its role as an enzyme and a signaling cofactor in different cellular contexts. We became interested in studying the interaction of RECQL4 with ribosomal protein S3 (RPS3) because previous studies have shown that RPS3 activity is sometimes associated with phenotypes mimicking those of mutated RECQL4. RPS3 is a small ribosomal protein that also has extraribosomal functions, including apurnic-apyrimidinic endonuclease-like activity suggested to be important during DNA repair. Here, we report a functional and physical interaction between RPS3 and RECQL4 and show that this interaction may be enhanced during cellular stress. We show that RPS3 inhibits ATPase, DNA binding, and helicase activities of RECQL4 through their direct interaction. Further domain analysis shows that N-terminal 1-320 amino acids of RECQL4 directly interact with the C-terminal 94 -244 amino acids of RPS3 (C-RPS3). Biochemical analysis of C-RPS3 revealed that it comprises a standalone apurnic-apyrimidinic endonuclease-like domain. We used U2OS cells to show that oxidative stress and UV exposure could enhance the interaction between nuclear RPS3 and RECQL4. Regulation of RECQL4 biochemical activities by RPS3 along with nuclear interaction during UV and oxidative stress may serve to modulate active DNA repair.The RecQ class of helicases function at various stages of DNA metabolism. The presence of at least one homolog in each species evidences their crucial role in maintaining genomic stability. In humans, three of five RecQ helicases have been associated to different genetic disorders. WRN and BLM have been linked with Werner's syndrome and Bloom's syndrome, respectively, and RECQL4 has been linked with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome (RTS), 2 Baller-Gerald syndrome, and RAPADILINO syndrome. Of these, RECQL4 is unique on the basis of its domain structure and function. The N terminus of this protein represents the only human homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae essential replication initiation protein Sld2 (1, 2). The helicase domain is conserved across the RecQ class of helicases. Initial reports suggested RECQL4 lacked of helicase activity (3), but annealing, strand exchange and helicase activities of RECQL4 were later demonstrated (4 -7). Human RECQL4 was shown to unwind up to 22-bp double-stranded regions through its helicase activity (6, 7). ATPase and annealing activities of human RECQL4 have also been extensively studied (7,8). Robust helicase and annealing activities on substrates of various lengths have been reported for Drosophila melanogaster R...

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The present study aims to determine the status of Mental Health and Aggression among Smart phone users and non user college students. The sample consists of 100 subjects 50 male and 50 female college going students. Total samples selected in the age range of 20 to 25 who are living in urban area. Standardized psychological test (Mental health and aggression) was used for data collection. After doing this, the scoring data was treated as a mean, SD, t test.

Introduction and Objectives: Snake bite is one ofthe public health problem often neglected, especially in tropical and developing countries of the world. Demographic and clinical parameters changes in different parts of the world. In India it is more prevalent in Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Tamilnadu, etc. This study was conducted in a tertiary health care centre in Maharashtra to demonstrate the epidemiology, management and severity of snake bite as an acute medical emergency situation to create awareness regarding the first aid treatment and to formulate policies for ASV availability. Materials and Method:Tertiary health care based retrospective study was conducted from June 2017 to July 2018 and data was collected, analyzed and presented as percentage. Results:In this present retrospective study a total of 131 cases of snake bites were observed in a tertiary health care centre and the mortality rate was found to be 1.53%. More than 50% bites were of Vasculotxic Snake leading to severe systemic complications in 15% of the victims and death of 2 patients, ASV was required in 68% cases of snake bites. Conclusion:To lower the incidences of Snake bites, awareness and preventive measures such as avoiding tall grassy areas, keeping storage areas clear of rodents, removing rubbish, raise beds above floor level and avoiding areas known to harbor dangerous snakes. Use of gumboots and long pants for working outdoors is advised. First aid treatment and assurance to patients are the most important primary management of Snake bites.