Anaphylaxis is a rare but life-threatening condition. Though cutaneous features are most common, their absence does not exclude the diagnosis. Drugs were the most common cause and epinephrine was not commonly used as first-line agent for its management.
Objective
To compare the outcomes of various techniques of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR).
Study Design
Retrospective case record analysis.
Settings
Tertiary care referral center.
Subject and Methods
Retrospective analysis of case records was carried out pertaining to the period from January 1996 to September 2017 with respect to patients who had undergone endoscopic DCR with either the standard technique or one of its modifications. Case notes showing well-documented preoperative evaluation, operative details, postoperative assessment, and minimum 6-month follow-up were considered. The outcomes were measured on the basis of patients’ postoperative symptoms, clinical examination, and sac-syringing results.
Results
A total of 423 patients were included in the study. Of these, 169 underwent standard endoscopic DCR; 87, endoscopic DCR with stent; 19, endoscopic DCR with mitomycin C; 62, powered DCR; 29, laser-assisted DCR; and 57, balloon DCR. There was no statistically significant difference in success rates, recurrences, or complications of various techniques at 3 or 6 months. Mean operating time was lowest for balloon DCR (mean ± SD, 27.1 ± 3.1 minutes), followed by standard endoscopic DCR (38.2 ± 3.6 minutes; P = .001).
Conclusion
Standard endoscopic DCR and its more sophisticated modifications were equally effective and safe in managing distal nasolacrimal drainage obstruction. Balloon DCR, followed by standard endoscopic DCR, was significantly faster than other techniques.
Management of traumatic facial nerve injuries after temporal bone fractures is both challenging and controversial. The dilemma is whether to operate or not and if operating, when to operate and how much of the nerve to decompress. The aim of this study is to review our criteria for decision making in management of patients with temporal bone fracture induced facial nerve palsy, and analyze outcome of patients selected for surgical management. Review of 28 cases of temporal bone fracture between 2012 and 2016 was carried out. Patient assessment included clinical, audiological, computer tomography scans and electromyography (EMG) examinations. All 28 cases were initially started on conservative medical treatment. Based on criteria of complete clinical paralysis at onset, no improvement with conservative treatment and fibrillation potential in EMG, 10 cases underwent surgical decompression through the transmastoid approach. Among the 10 surgically-treated patients, lesions were predominantly found in geniculate ganglion area. Analysis of results after 12 months revealed 70% of cases who underwent surgery had House Brackmann (HB) Grade I-II recovery. Good recovery was achieved in all 18 medically treated patients (HB Grade I-II). Candidate selection based on accurate clinical judgment and judicious use of electrodiagnostic tests plays a vital role in outcomes in the treatment of post traumatic facial injury. Early surgical intervention gave better results in our study.
The efficacy, safety and quality of life of balloon dacryocystorhinostomy and conventional endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy were comparable. In addition, balloon dacryocystorhinostomy had significantly shorter operative time and lesser post-op pain.
Objective
To compare the efficacy of bone pâté versus bioactive glass in mastoid obliteration.
Method
This randomised parallel groups study was conducted at a tertiary care centre between September 2017 and August 2019. Sixty-eight patients, 33 males and 35 females, aged 12–56 years, randomly underwent single-stage canal wall down mastoidectomy with mastoid obliteration using either bone pâté (n = 35) or bioactive glass (n = 33), and were evaluated 12 months after the operation.
Results
A dry epithelised cavity (Merchant's grade 0 or 1) was achieved in 65 patients (95.59 per cent). Three patients (4.41 per cent) showed recidivism. The mean air–bone gap decreased to 16.80 ± 4.23 dB from 35.10 ± 5.21 dB pre-operatively. The mean Glasgow Benefit Inventory score was 30.02 ± 8.23. There was no significant difference between the two groups in these outcomes. However, the duration of surgery was shorter in the bioactive glass group (156.87 ± 7.83 vs 162.28 ± 8.74 minutes; p = 0.01).
Conclusion
The efficacy of both materials was comparable.
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