The efficacy of two standard veterinary trypanocides, diminazene aceturate (Berenil-therapeutic) and isometamidium chloride (Samorin-prophylactic) was compared in albino rats experimentally infected with current field isolate of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (Federe strain). The study consisted of forty albino rats, divided into 8 groups of five animals each. The negative control was uninfected and untreated (Group 1), whereas the positive control was infected and untreated (Group 2). Other groups were treated intramuscularly with either 0.5 mg/kg or 3.5 mg/kg body weight of Samorin or Berenil respectively adopting different protocols. Groups 3 and 4 were treated the same day of infection with Berenil and Samorin respectively (treatment was before infection). Groups 5 and 6 were treated at patency (4 days post infection) with Berenil and Samorin respectively. Groups 7 and 8 were infected before treatment on the same day with Berenil and Samorin respectively, and re-challenged with the T.brucei brucei after four days. The results obtained 60 days post treatment showed that the difference between the efficacies of the two drugs was significant (P< 0.05). Berenil cleared the parasites more from the blood of the albino rats than Samorin. From the recorded values of the parameters (body weight, temperature, packed cell volume and parasitaemic profile), it was concluded that Berenil is a more efficacious trypanocide than Samorin, and is recommended as the drug of choice in the treatment of animal trypanosomiasis.
Trypanosomose chez des moutons et des chèvres après abattage à l'abattoir de Jos, Nigeria La prévalence de la trypanosomose chez le mouton Yankasa et la chèvre Red Sokoto (chèvre de Maradi) a été étudiée par des tests sanguins à l'abattoir de Jos, au Centre du Nigeria, pendant les mois de mars à août 1990. Des échantillons sanguins ont été prélevés sur 522 moutons et bol chèvres et examinés par la technique du bulfy coat et des frottis colorés. Vingt moutons (3,83 %) et 11 chèvres (1,83 %) étaient infectés par des trypanosomes. Trypanosoma vivax et Trypanosoma congolense étaient les seuls trypanosomes rencontrés dans cette étude. T. vivax était présent chez 15 moutons (2,87 %) et chez 7 chèvres (1,16 %). T. congolense était présent chez 5 moutons (0,97 %) et 4 chèvres (0,67 %). L'infection était plus importante pendant la saison humide que pendant la saison sèche mais la différence n'était pas significative statistiquement (P < 0,05). Il serait souhaitable que les moutons et les chèvres soient inclus dans tout programme de mesures prophylactiques ou thérapeutiques lors de la lutte contre les trypanosomoses.
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