The Academy of Orthopaedic Physical Therapy and the American Academy of Sports Physical Therapy have an ongoing effort to create evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for orthopaedic and sports physical therapy management and prevention of musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This particular guideline focuses on the exercise-based prevention of knee injuries. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2018;48(9):A1-A42. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.0303.
BackgroundKnee injuries are prevalent in cutting, pivoting, and jumping sports. Studies have investigated the effects of exercise-based knee injury prevention programs, however no clinical practice guidelines (CPG) exist.Objective1) Review the evidence for exercise-based knee injury prevention programs, 2) identify if there are exercise-based knee injury prevention programs that are effective for particular groups of athletes, 3) explore the evidence for dosage and delivery of exercise-based knee injury prevention programs, 4) provide information on how exercise-based knee injury prevention should be implemented.DesignSystematic review for CPG development.SettingMultiple.Patients (or Participants)Healthy, active individuals, particularly athletes participating in cutting, pivoting, and jumping sports.Interventions (or Assessment of Risk Factors)A systematic review of literature was performed via PubMed, Scopus, SportDiscus, CINAHL, and the Cochrane databases for relevant articles addressing the effects of an exercise-based knee injury prevention program. The final search was performed in April, 2016 to identify all articles published prior to that point.Main Outcome MeasurementsThe effects and outcomes of exercise-based knee injury prevention programs.ResultsThirty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria for this CPG. Exercise-based knee injury prevention programs have a low implementation cost and large relative risk reductions. Clinicians should implement an exercise-based knee injury prevention program for all athletes involved in cutting and pivoting type sports to reduce the number of significant knee injuries. The program should be implemented two to three times per week in the preseason and one to three times per week in the competitive season. It should consist of a combination of plyometric training, strength and power exercises, balance and dynamic stabilization training, core strengthening, technique training, and/or sports-specific drills.ConclusionsThis CPG will provide evidence based guidance for clinicians in choosing and implementing exercise-based knee injury prevention programs appropriate for the athlete(s) they work with.
The Academy of Orthopaedic Physical Therapy and the American Academy of Sports Physical Therapy have an ongoing effort to create evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for orthopaedic and sports physical therapy management and prevention of musculoskeletal impairments described in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). This guideline focuses on the exercise-based prevention of knee injuries and provides an update on the 2018 guideline, J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2018;48(9):A1–A42. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.0303 J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2023;53(1):CPG1–CPG34. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.0301
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