T he peripartum stage which is known as the transition period is the most critical for the immediate and long-term performance of pregnant animals and their deliveries. This period in small ruminant species extends from three weeks pre-partum to three weeks post-partum (Tharwat et al., 2013). The decrease and disruptions of ovarian follicles growth and development and the quality of their containing oocytes, growth performance, and feed digestibility, metabolites, and hormones' profiles were observed during this period (Bragança et al., 2020;

Effects of feeding green microalgae and Nigella sativa on productive performance and metabolic profile of Boer goats during peripartum period in subtropics. Fresen.

Recent attention has grown for investigating Moringa oleifera leaves effects as a non-conventional supplement on animal performance and human as well. M. oleifera leaf and its extracts were given to animals and humans in respect of therapeutic, productive, and reproductive purposes ( Jaiswal